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ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY

New YorRK STATE COLLEGES OF AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS

AT

CORNELL UNIVERSITY

Cornell University

The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924002826083

CALANTHE X DOMINYI, THE FIRST HOME-RAISED HYBRID ORCHID.

See pages vil and 50.

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK:

An Enumeration of Hybrid Orchids of Artificial Origin,

WitH THEIR Parents, Ratsers, Date or First FLoweERING, REFERENCES TO DESCRIPTIONS AND FIGURES, AND SyNONYMY.

With an Historical Introduction and 120 Figures

and a Chapter on Hybridising and raising Orchids from Seed.

oad ROBERT ALLEN ROLFE, A.L.S. AND

CHARLES CHAMBERLAIN HURST. F.L.S.

ee 2 & A Companion Volume to the Orcuip Review.

Thew: FRANK LESLIE & CO., 12, LAWN CRESCENT. [The right of reproduction is reserved]

1909.

“Cross-breeding among Orchidaceous plants would perhaps lead to very startling results, but, unfortunately, they are not easily raised by seed.”

Rev. W. HERBERT, in 1847.

Preface,

existing Orchid hybrids of artificial origin, arranged on a uniform system, so as to show at a glance the crosses that have already been made, the adopted name of the hybrids, the works in which they have been described and figured, the original raiser or exhibitor, and the date of first _ flowering—in short it is intended as a guide to the already vast literature of the subject, and a standard of nomenclature. No apology is necessary for its production—a glance at the synonymy of some of the more popular hybrids enumerated should convince anyone of the need of such a Text Book.

Many difficulties have been met with during its execution. These have partly arisen through the same hybrid having been raised independently in different collections, but chiefly through want of a uniform system. Some raisers have considered all the seedlings from the same cross as forms of one, while others have given distinct names to different seedlings out of the same seed-pod. Some hybrids have received Latin or classical names, in accord- ance with the rules of binomial nomenclature, or have been distinguished by the joint names of the two parents, while others have been named in the vernacular. A few have been recorded without names. In addition to this

there are many hybrids whose parentage has been lost, or whose records are Stray seedlings, loss or absence

[ve object of the present work is to provide an authentic list of

incomplete, contradictory, or erroneous. of record of parentage, change of ownership of unflowered seedlings, the

contemporaneous flowering of the same hybrid in different collections, and the naming of hybrids without reference to the work of earlier operators, have all contributed their quota to the confusion arising from the multiplicity of systems of nomenclature, and the result may be seen in the following pages. The object of the work is to provide a remedy for this

confusion, so far as possible, and we may now proceed to describe the

plan of the work.

The work is divided into two parts :— . . Part I. contains <n enumeration of the species and hybrids which have

these being arranged in alphabetical sequence,

1,

been used as parents,

il. PREFACE

followed by the name of the resulting hybrid. The name of the first parent (in the alphabetical series) is given in heavy type in the centre of the column, and all the species with which it has been crossed are arranged alphabetically on the left, with the resulting hybrid on the right. Each parent appears again in its own alphabetical position, and thus the hybrids of any given species appear all together (those of a later date, of course appearing in the Addenda, which should also be consulted). Take Brassa- vola Digbyana, for example:—Eighteen hybrids of it appear on page 1— where also are found the eighteen species with which it has been crossed, in alphabetical order—but there are nineteen additions on page 239, so popular is this species as a parent. The name of the hybrid appears to the right of the second parent, and necessarily occurs twice, as may be seen under Aérides on page 1, where the two parents of A. X hybridum follow each other immediately, but in the very next case, Zygonisia X Rolfeana, they are separated by the whole width of the alphabet. Having found the name of the hybrid by means of its parents, one turns to Part II., where its history and other details are given. Part I. serves the double purpose of indicating the name of any given hybrid whose parents are known, and of shewing with what others a given species has been crossed.

Part II. contains, (rt) an alphabetical enumeration of existing hybrids, each under its adopted name, followed by (2) the names of its parents, (3) references to descriptions and figures, (4) the name of the raiser or exhibitor, (5) date of first flowering, and (6) synonymy, these being followed in a few cases by (7) a short additional note. A few explanatory details must now be given under these several headings.

1. Names.—lIn all cases we have aimed at adopting the earliest correct name, but this is not invariably the name first published. Part I. commences with a few suggestions for securing greater uniformity of practice than at present exists, and the following paragraph may be repeated, as it has been our guide throughout :—

‘“‘ Hybrids raised between species should receive specific names, Latin or classical, consisting of a single word—the use, however, of two short words being permissible where they can be connected with a hyphen. Short names should be used for preference, those exceeding six syllables being considered inadmissible.”

Where the earliest name agrees with this proposition it has been adopted unmodified, but if not in agreement an attempt has been made to amend it. Thus the hybrid between Cattleya Dowiana and C. Eldorado appears as C. X Ingramiz, not as C. x Lady Ingram, the earlier form of the name, and this in spite of the fact that another name, C. X Suzanne, is already in correct form. The latter appeared five years later, and remains, as it has always been, a synonym. Similar names in the vernacular have

PREFACE iii.

been treated in the same way, where they could not conveniently be joined by a hyphen, but those consisting of a single word have been adopted. For the same reason Brassocattleya X Veitchii is preferred to the earlier B.-c. X Digbyano-Mossiz, which consists of seven syllables, and B.-c. X Marone to B.-c. X Madame Charles Maron, which consists of three distinct words. Names formed by joining the specific appellations of the two parents without abbreviation have generally been avoided, as too long, though this does not always apply. Further, such names have often been used in some particular sense. Thus we have Odontoglossum X _ crispo- Hallii and O. x Hallio-crispum, the latter being the reversed cross, but both are here included under O. X Cooksoni. Ina similar way O. x spectabile includes both O. xX crispo-Harryanum and O. X Harryano-crispum, Names formed by combining portions of the names of the parents have been adopted.

2. PARENTS.—The names of the parents are given in their alphabetical sequence, and in most cases where the seed parent is definitely recorded the sign @ follows the name. But in many cases the record is not clear, and where doubt exists the sign has been omitted. Raisers might help to

fill up some of these blanks, and to correct any that are known to be erroneous.

a

3. REFERENCES.—We have aimed at giving a reference to the original record in all cases, though the remark may not always apply to reports of the same meeting in different papers. The hybrids exhibited at meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society are taken from the Gardeners’ Chronicle, the records being continuous from the time of the epoch-making Calanthe x Dominyi. Those exhibited at meetings of the Société Nationale d’ Horticulture de France are mostly taken from the Society’s Fournal, though some of the records appear a little earlier in contemporary publications, which are also cited in many cases. The Orchid Review is cited regularly, so far as the first reference and any additional information is concerned. Owing to the appearance in the first volume of the “ History of Orchid Hybridisation,” and the continuous records since, the informa- tion is in a very available form. Other works are cited where the informa- tion found appears to be of sufficient importance.

FicuREs.—Except in cases where they are unduly numerous, an attempt has been made to give a complete list of published figures, (avoiding, however, mere repetitions in the same work), and these are indicated by the letters ““t” and ‘“‘f.’ Any varietal names of the plants figured are given within brackets, immediately following the figure, as (v. oculata), (v. aureo-marginata), and (v. magnifica), which indicate varieties of Cattleya x Iris (p. 59). This point is mentioned, because it was found impractic- able to include the multitudinous varieties which have appeared within the

iv. PREFACE

scope of the work, and a selection would have been both difficult and unsatisfactory.

List oF Works CITED.—Space has been economised by a great abbreviation of the titles of works that are frequently cited, but a detailed list is given at the end of the Introduction.

4. RatseER OR ExuispiTor.—The names following the list of references are those of the Raiser or Exhibitor, for the two are sometimes different, and in such cases the actual raiser is often not on record. Where the two are known to be different the name of the actual raiser is given first, within brackets, followed by that of the exhibitor or introducer, as, for example, ‘‘ Brassocattleya X heatonensis.—(Charlesworth) Hye.”

5. Date.—The date is intended to indicate the period of first flowering, but this is not always known with certainty. The date of the first record is taken unless there is information to the contrary, as in the case of Cattleya x Apollo, which flowered six years before it was recorded. It may be added here that seedlings which are recorded as_ unflowered are not included.

6. SynonyMy.—This has proved an unusually difficult subject. A glance at page 97 will show that the well-known hybrid between Cattleya Mossiz and Lelia purpurata (Leliocattleya x Canhamiana) has been recorded under nineteen distinct names, while Paphiopedilum X aureum has nearly forty synonyms. The latter may be an exceptional case, and a good example of the wide diversity of character often shown by secondary hybrids (even out of the same capsule), which seem to defy all attempts to name them satisfactorily, but generally speaking there has been a careless and even reckless multiplication of synonymy. But hybrids with imperfect or contradictory records have proved still more difficult. It was impossible to ascertain whether they should be regarded as distinct or as forms of something else, and many such have had to be omitted because of the sheer impossibility of knowing where to put them. The records or the plants may exist somewhere, and if so we hope that the absence of the names will be detected, and that such information will be forthcoming as will serve to clear up their history. A similar difficulty may have led to some of them being inserted in the wrong place, and if so we hope the errors will be pointed out. The synonyms are arranged as far as possible chronologically, which shows the history of any given hybrid better than an alphabetical arrangement.

ILLUSTRATIONS.—The text is illustrated with 120 figures of hybrids in half tone, which can well be left to speak for themselves. In two or three cases the parents are also shown.

7. ADDITIONAL Notes.—These explain themselves, and it is only necessary to add that they either contain information not included else-

PREFACE v.

where, or call attention to points requiring elucidation. They might easily have been extended, but for the fear that the work might outgrow the limits assigned.

ADDENDA.—The Addenda has outgrown its intended limits, because the work has taken so much longer to complete than was anticipated. Roughly speaking, it may be said to contain three years additions, up to the end of 1907. As the plan is uniform throughout, it is only necessary to add that the numbers indicate the position in the body of the work. Numbers followed by letters, a, b,c. &c., indicate actual additions, but the remainder indicate additional information respecting names previously enumerated. It is intended to give later and future additions in the Orchid Review, so as to prevent the work from falling out of date. Particulars of this appear on page 326, after the Index.

INDEx.—As the adopted names of the hybrids, as well as those of their parents, follow a strict alphabetical sequence, it has been thought necessary to give only an Index of Synonyms. The Addenda, however, of both Parts I. and II. should not be overlooked by those who consult the work. Finally appears a List oF ILLUSTRATIONS, 120 in number.

Omissions.—A few remarks under this head appear necessary. The absence of many hybrids of unknown or doubtful parentage has already been explained as unavoidable, but the omission of many well-known natural hybrids, as Odontoglossum X Andersonianum and Léeliocattleya x elegans, may occasion surprise, especially as they appear in the list of parents. But a careful examination of the programme will show that, strictly speaking, natural hybrids do not come within the limits of the work, and can only be included when they have been raised artificially. They are more numerous than is generally realised, and their inclusion would have greatly extended the bulk and difficulty of the work. Many are also not in cultivation. It was necessary to draw the line somewhere, and it may yet be possible to deal with them elsewhere. The inclusion of the multi- tudinous named varieties was impossible, and a selection would have been both difficult and unsatisfactory, but we have been able to indicate those that have been figured, by the inclusion of the varietal name within brackets after the figure cited. The only other matter which occurs to us is the omission of Awards. They had been included, but it was found that there was such an utter want of uniformity between the systems of the different Societies, and the value of their awards at different periods, that the record was not worth the space required, and they were again cancelled. The records of the different Societies must be consulted for them.

SECONDARY AND MORE COMPLEX HyBRIDS.—A great deal of difficulty has been experienced in dealing with secondary hybrids and those of more complex parentage. Although we have treated them the same as primary

vi. PREFACE

hybrids it is felt that the plan is not satisfactory. Primary hybrids usually combine the characters of their parents in sucha way that they can easily be recognised, and the variations assumed by different individuals from the same seed pod or the same cross are seldom great enough to prevent them from being recognised, and had the matter gone no further most of the difficulties could have been got over with very little trouble. But we now have hybrids of almost every degree of complexity—primary hybrids recrossed with their own parents, or crossed with other species or hybrids; hybrids derived from two species in which the parents are combined in equal and in unequal proportions; hybrids derived from three species, from four, and one even from five species ; and while some of these complex hybrids vary enormously between themselves they also in some cases resemble others that are known to have been derived from different crosses. In short there are hybrids whose parentage cannot be fixed with any degree of certainty by an analysis of their characters, because of the amount of reversion that has taken place. Then there is that curious complication that certain crosses which from their parentage appear to be distinct, yet on analysis prove identical. To put the case differently, the same hybrid may be obtained in two different ways. For example, Odontoglossum nobile crossed with O. X spectabile would appear to be a distinct hybrid from O. X Rolfez crossed with O. xX armainvillierense, but an analysis of parentage shows that both are composed of half O. nobile, a quarter O. crispum, and a quarter O. Harryanum. The two have been left under their respective names of O. X percultum and O. X Ossultoni, but it is at least a question whether they ought not to have been regarded as forms of one. And this is only a type of a series. Owing to these perplexing facts it becomes a question whether secondary and more complex hybrids may not in the future have to be treated in a different way from primary ones, or at all events have to be classified separately. The species in certain genera are now becoming so completely linked up by chains of hybrids that we may have to treat these complex forms purely as florists’ flowers, selecting and naming only such as show distinct improve- ments on their predecessors and ignoring the remainder. Some such selective method seems almost inevitable in the near future.

With these remarks we commend the work to our readers, in the hope that their friendly criticism and kindly help will lead to its improvement in the event of another edition being called for.

To Messrs. R. T., G. B. and F. W. Rolfe our thanks are due for help in reading the proof and in some other details.

R. A. Roire,

C. C. Hurst. September, 1908.

THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.

| / On the 28th of October, 1856,” writes Dr. Lindley (Gard. Chron., 1858, p- 4), ““ Mr. James Veitch, jun., of the Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, brought to the writer of this memorandum a flower of a Calanthe, which combined the peculiar hairy forked spur and deeply lobed lip of the white Calanthe furcata, with the violet colour and broad middle lobe of the lip of C. Masuca. One might have said that the flowers were just intermediate between the two.... It appears that it had been raised in the Exotic Nursery, by Mr. Dominy, Messrs. Veitch’s indefatigable and very intelligent foreman, between C. Masuca and C. furcata. The seed was obtained in 1854 by crossing these two species, was immediately sown, and in two years the seedlings were in flower. | Nor is it the least remarkable circumstance connected with this‘ production that it grows and flowers freely, while C. Masuca is a ‘shy’ plant. We therefore propose, with much pleasure, that the name of the hybrid be Calanthe Domini, in order to put upon record the name of the first man who succeeded in this operation. He is indeed specially entitled to this distinction, not only in consequence of having produced other Orchidaceous mules, among which we under- stand are Cattleyas, but because of his eminent success in raising such plants from seed, as a matter of horticultural business.” This was over a year after the event, butLit is upon record that when Mr. Veitch first showed him the plant the Doctor exclaimed, ‘‘ Why, you will drive the botanists mad! + TPhis historic plant*is figured as the frontispiece to the

present work. It was Mr. John Harris, a surgeon, of Exeter, who suggested to Dominy

the possibility of muling Orchids, and who pointed out to him the reproductive organs seated in the column, and showed that the application of the pollinia to the stigmatic surface was analagous to the dusting of the stigma of other flowers with pollen.

The Rev. W. Herbert, Dean of Manchester, had previously suggested the possibility of raising hybrid Orchids. In a paper entitled “On Hybridisation among Vegetables,” published in 1847 (Journ. Hort. Soc., ii. p. 104), he remarked, ‘‘ Cross breeding among Orchidaceous plants would perhaps lead to very startling results; but, unfortunately, they are not easily raised by seed. I have, however, raised Bletia, Cattleya, Orchis (Herminium) Monorchis and Ophrys aranifera from seed ; and if I were not during the greater part of the year absent from the place where my plants are deposited, I think I could succeed in obtaining crosses in that order. I had well-formed pods last spring of Orchis by pollen of Ophrys

vii

Vili. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION

as well as of other species of Orchis which had been forced ; and if I had remained on the spot I think I should have obtained some cross-bred Orchidaceous seed. An intelligent gardener may do much for science by attempts of this kind, if he keeps accurate notes of what he attempts, and does not jump at immature conclusions.” This is interesting as the earliest note on the subject that we have met with, and because it appeared at a time when there was a prevalent notion among gardeners that muling among Orchids was an impossibility. The results, however, must be classed among the ‘‘ might-have-beens,” and we may return to Dominy.

Dominy is said to have commenced his hybridising operations in 1853, with the genus Cattleya, and six years later the first flowers appeared. In August 1859, five seedling plants were exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society by Messrs. Veitch, which were noted as extremely interesting, and as affording the first examples of well-marked and really showy new forms of Orchids produced by hybridisation. They were ultimately named Cattleya x hybrida, and it is unfortunate that Dominy did not carry out Dean Herbert’s injunction to keep accurate records, for the parentage of this Cattleya was given first as C. granulosa and C. Harrisoniana, then as C. granulosa and C. Leopoldi, and finally as C. guttata and C. intermedia. C. guttata and Loddigesi are now accepted as the parents.

A second Cattleya, C. x Dominiana, obtained from C. maxima and C. intermedia, was exhibited in the November following.

In December, 1859, the beautiful Calanthe x Veitchii, a hybrid between C. rosea and C. vestita, made its appearance, and received a First-class Certificate from the Horticultural Society. This is one of the most popular hybrids yet raised, and is now largely cultivated as a very useful autumn-flowering plant.

In June, 1861, a fifth hybrid appeared, and also received a First-class Certificate, under the name of Goodyera xX Dominii. Its parents were recorded as Goodyera discolor and Ancectochilus Lowii, now known as Hemaria discolor and Dossinia marmorata, and thus was the frst generic cross. It was afterwards called Dossinimaria * Dominii, and now seems to have been lost sight of.

In July, 1862, another ornamental-leaved Orchid was exhibited, under the name of Goodyera X Veitchil, also receiving a First-class Certificate. It was another generic hybrid, its parents being Hzmaria discolor and Macodes Petola. It is now known as Macomaria x Veitchii.

In September, 1863, the first Leliocattleya flowered, though the name did not appear till long afterwards. It was exhibited as Cattleya x exoniensis, and its parents were at first given as Cattleya Mossie and Lelia purpurata, but the second parent was afterwards corrected to L.

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. Ix.

crispa. This parentage was ultimately confirmed by a repetition of the cross.

In May, 1864, the first hybrid Lelia appeared, though it was exhibited under the name of Cattleya x Pilcheri. Its parents were Leelia crispa and L. Perrinii, and it must have been one of Dominy’s earliest hybrids, for it is said to have been raised in 1853. It is now known as Lelia x Pilcheri.

In May, 1865, another ornamental-leaved hybrid appeared, and received a First-class Certificate under the name of Ancectochilus x Dominii. _ Its parents were Hemaria discolor and Ancectochilus Roxburghi (xantho- phyllus), and the plant has since been named Ancectomaria X Dominii, being the third generic hybrid in the Ancectochilus group.

Early in 1867 another interesting generic hybrid flowered, its parents being Phaius grandifolius and Calanthe vestita. It was described by Reichenbach under the name of Phaius X irroratus, as ‘‘one of the beautiful evidences of Mr. Dominy’s unrivalled talent in hybridising Orchids.”

It was not until 1869 that a hybrid Cypripedium appeared, when C. X Harrisianum flowered for the first time. It was raised from C. villosum, fertilized with the pollen of C. barbatum, and was named by Prof. Reichenbach after Dr. Harris, of Exeter, who first gave Mr. Dominy the idea of hybridising Orchids. It is now called Paphiopedilum X Harrisianum, the tropical species being generically distinct.

In 1870 Cypripedium X Dominianum was described by Reichenbach, as a hybrid derived from C. caricinum fertilized with the pollen of C. caudatum. The author gave the alternative name of Selenipedium X Dominianum, thus adding a new genus to the list. It has since, however, been called Phragmopedilum X Dominianum, for it is now known that the genus Selenipedium proper is not in cultivation.

In the same year the first hybrid of Cypripedium Fairrieanum flowered, and was described by Reichenbach under the name of C. X vexillarium, as ‘‘one of the surprises which Mr. Dominy prepares for the Messrs. Veitch. ” C. barbatum was the seed parent. It is now referred to Paphiopedilum.

Early in 1871, Mr. Burbidge published in the Gardeners’ Chronicle a list of the Hybrid Orchids raised up to that period, in which occurs the name of Aérides X hybridum, raised from A. affine and A. Fieldingil, thus adding another genus to the list. There is no clue to the date, and we do not know of another record, nor yet what became of the plant.

The first successful follower of Mr. Dominy appears to have been Mr. Cross, gardener to Lady Ashburton, of Melchet Court, Hampshire, who obtained Cypripedium X Ashburtonie by crossing C. barbatum with the pollen of C. insigne. It flowered and was described in 1871. Two years later he added C. X Crossianum, obtained from C. insigne crossed with the pollen of C. venustum. They were the first hybrids from C. insigne,

x. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION

and both were distributed by Messrs. Veitch. They are now referred to Paphiopedilum.

Mr. Seden next appeared upon the scene, having succeeded Mr. Dominy in the work at the Royal Exotic Nursery. His first hybrid was described as Cypripedium or Selenipedium x Sedeni. It was obtained by crossing Selenipedium longifolium with the pollen of S. Schlimii, and vice versa, both crosses flowering for the first time in 1873, and proving absolutely identical. It is a handsome hybrid, combining the best characters of both parents, and is now known as Phragmopedilum x Sedenii.

In 1873, also, what was really the first secondary hybrid appeaed, through it was described under the name of Cattleya x fausta. It was said to be “‘just intermediate between C. Loddigesii, as the 2, or seed parent, and C. X exoniensis, as the 3, or pollen parent. Two forms were described at the outset—the typical form, with rosy-lilac sepals and petals and a paler lip, and the variety radicans, distinguished by the presence of a number of dark purplish veins and streaks on the anterior part of the lip. Thus it afforded an indication of what has since been repeatedly confirmed, namely, that secondary hybrids are especially variable, plants raised from the same seed-pod often exhibiting great dissimilarity between themselves. It is now known as Leliocattleya x fausta.

The genus Dendrobium was next added to the list. In February, 1874, Dendrobium X Ainsworthii flowered for the first time, and received a First- class Certificate. It was raised in the collection of Dr. Ainsworth, of Lower Broughton, near Manchester, by Mr. Mitchell, between D. aureum ? and D. nobile 3, and the seed is said to have been sown about seven years previously. It has since been recorded that plants of the same cross were raised by Mr. West, at the Fairfield Nursery, near Manchester, at about the same time.

The year 1874 also saw the additions of two other genera, Chysis and Zygopetalum, to the list, as the result of Mr. Seden’s industry.

Chysis X Sedeni was recorded as a hybrid seedling between C. Limminghei @ and C. bractescens 3, but Reichenbach suggested C. levis as the pollen parent, which is clearly corrrect.

Zygopetalum xX Sedeni was described as a hybrid between Z. Mackayi and Z. maxillare, the latter being the seed parent. It received a First- class Certificate from the Horticultural Society.

Hybrid Orchids were now decidedly on the increase, for at least ten were recorded during 1876, three of which were the work of new operators.

The first hybrid raised in the collection of John C. Bowring, Esq Forest Farm, Windsor, was Cypripedium X_ stenophyllum, its parents being C. Schlimi and C. caricinum. It is now referred to Phragmo-

pedilum.

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION xi.

Mr. W. Swan, gardener to W. Leech, Esq., Oakley, Fallowfeld, Manchester, made his debut with a hybrid between Cypripedium Dayanum g and C. barbatum $, which was named C. X Swanianum by Reichan- bach, in honour of the raiser.

Later in the year Messrs. Rollisson & Sons, of Tooting, flowered a hybrid which was said to have been raised by Mr. Mylam, from Cattleya granulosa crossed with the pollen of Leelia crispa, and was named Lelia x Mylamiana. It is said to have been raised in 1863, and is now known as Lehocattleya X Mylamiana.

The following year revealed the existence of another recruit, when Zygopetalum xX Clayi flowered in the collection of Colonel Clay, of Birkenhead. Its parents were Z. crinitum and Z. maxillare, and it received a First-Class Certificate from the Manchester Botanical and Horticultural Society in April, 1877.

The event of 1878 was the flowering of a very handsome hybrid from Cattleya Dowiana, which was described under the name of Lelia xX Dominiana. The second parent was said to be ‘‘some Leelia, probably elegans,” but long afterwards it was proved by the repetition of the cross to be L. purpurata. It was the last of Mr. Dominy’s hybrids, and a fitting climax to his labours, for if depth and richness of colouring be the criterion of excellence it is not only unrivalled among this raiser’s produc- tions, but is scarcely surpassed at the present day. It is now known as Leliocattleya * Dominiana.

It is evident that some of Mr. Dominy’s hybrids were not recorded when they flowered for the first time, for Dendrobium x Dominyanum (D. nobile 2 X Linawianum ¢), which was described in 1878, was said to have been obtained by Mr. Dominy ‘‘a very long time ago,” and although not recorded until four years after D. X Ainsworthii it was evidently the first hybrid in the genus. Cattleya x felix also, described in 1876, was said to be one of the oldest seedlings raised by Mr. Dominy. Its parents were Lelia crispa and Cattleya Schilleraiana, and it was after- wards named Leliocattleya x felix. Again, Cypripedium X calophyllum, which was described in 1880, was said to be “ one of the oldest artificial hybrids, having been gained at the Royal Exotic Nursery a long time ago.” It was a seedling from C. barbatum and C. venustum, and is now called Paphiopedilum X calophyllum.

As we have been unable to mention all Mr. Dominy’s hybrids in- dividually we may here remark that they number twenty-five, and comprise six Cattleyas, one Lelia, six hybrids between the two genera, two Calanthes, one hybrid between Calanthe and Phaius, three Cypripediums, one Selenipedium, one Dendrobium, one Aérides (probably lost), and three hybrids of the Ancectochilus group. They extended over a period of more

xii. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION

than twenty years. Mr. Dominy’s name will always be remembered as the pioneer of this interesting branch of horticulture. In 1880, on the occasion of his retirement from Messrs. Veitch’s service, the Royal Horticultural Society presented him with a Gold Medal in recognition of his services to horticulture.

The genus Lycaste was added to the list in 1878, when a hybrid between L. Skinneri and L. Deppei flowered in the collection of Mr. W. Marshall, of Enfield. It was recorded without a name, but was afterwards called Lycaste x hybrida.

Hybrids now began to increase rapidly in number, and we shall only be able to indicate a few of the more prominent landmarks. Half-a-dozen novelties appeared in 1879, belonging to genera already mentioned.

In 1880 another genus was added to the list, when the handsome Masdevallia x Chelsoni flowered for the first time. It was obtained by Mr. Seden from M. amabilis crossed with the pollen of M. Veitchiana, and the flowers exhibit a charming combination of orange and scarlet.

In 1880 a batch of four hybrids raised by a new operator appeared, and were described together as Cypripedium X meirax, & chloroneurum, X politum, and X melanophthalmum. Reichenbach spoke of them as a lot of fresh hybrids, raised by Mr. Robert Warner, of Broomfield, whose history is not known, probably in consequence of a lost pocket book. All of them he believes had C. venustum for one parent. Their history was discussed some time ago (Orch. Rev., 1905, pp. 291-293).

In 1881 a hybrid Anguloa flowered, in the collection of John C. Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor. It was named Anguloa xX media by Reichanbach, who spoke of it as no doubt derived from A. Clowesii and A. Rucker.

The existence of two new hybridists was also revealed, for Calanthe Xx Barberiana flowered in the collection of John T. Barber, Esq., Spondon, Derby, having been raised from C. Turneri nivalis crossed with the pollen of C. vestita, while C. X Sandhurstiana was raised by P. H. Gosse, Esq., of Sandhurst, Torquay, from C. rosea crossed with the pollen of C. vestita, and thus is a form of C. X Veitchii.

For a quarter of a century English hybridists appeared to monopolise the field, but in 1881 a French hybrid flowered. In the Revue Horticole for that year (p. 346), the flowering of two unnamed seedling Cattleyas is recorded by M. Bergman. They were raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, from C. intermedia crossed with the pollen of C. Aclandiew. The cross afterwards received the name of C. x calumnata. Whether this was its first flowering is not quite clear, for another hybrid which afterwards received the name of Cattleya X fimbriata has been confused with it, under the same record, and Mr. Bleu is said to have flowered this in 1878. The

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION xii.

latter appears to have been the first French hybrid, and is now considered to be a form of the natural hybrid C. x Isabella.

The next hybridist which we find evidence of was Mr. Fraser, of Derncleugh, near Aberdeen, who raised Masdevallia xX Fraseri. It was derived from M. ignea ¢ and M. coccinea 3, and flowered in 1882.

In 1882 also Cypripedium X Dauthieri was described, from the establishment of Messrs. Van Houtte, of Ghent. Its origin was a mystery, but it was soon identified as a form of C. xX Harrisianum, and, curiously enough, it has since been traced as a stray seedling from Messrs. Veitch’s establishment (See Orch. Rev., 1899, p. 71).

In the following year we find Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., included in the ranks of the hybridists, he having raised the brilliant Calanthe x porphyrea from C. vestita and C. labrosa.

In 1884 the flowering is recorded of Cypripedium x Laforcadei, raised by M. Bauer, of Paris, but it is a form of the earlier C. X Ashburtone.

In 1885 the first hybrid Thunia appeared, and, curiously enough, the same hybrid was raised by two different operators—first by Mr. Toll, of Manchester, and shortly afterwards by Mr. Seden, in both cases from T. Marshalliana ¢ and T. Bensone ¢. Plants were exhibited simul- taneously at one of the Royal Botanical Society’s Shows, in 1885, the former as T. X Wrigleyana, the latter as T. x. Veitchiana. Under the latter name it was eventually described.

In 1886, a very striking novelty appeared, and was described by

Reichenbach under the name of Lelia x Batemaniana. It was raised by Mr. Seden from Sophronitis grandiflora crossed with the pollen of Cattleya intermedia, and flowered in August, 1886, when a little over five years old. Reichenbach called it ‘‘a lovely gem, a miniature Lelia’? and added :— ‘This novelty offers a wide field for considerations of nomenclature. Ate all hybrids between what we call genera to get intermediate names ? The effect of mixing a Sophronitis and a Cattleya is a Lelia; hence I must reduce Sophronitis to Lelia, except S. violacea, with a remodelled character.” It was dedicated to the veteran Orchidist, James Bateman, Esq., of Worthing, whose name had been known in connection with Orchids for upwards of half a century. The plant is now called Sophro- cattleya X Batemaniana.

Another generic hybrid might have been added to the list, for Messrs. Veitch flowered a hybrid whose origin had been lost, and Reichenbach could only suggest Zygopetalum maxillare as one parent, and called it Zygopetalum X leopardinum. A year later the flowering of a hybrid from Colax jugosus afforded a clue, and the present plant was transferred to

Zygocolax. . The first artificial hybrid Phalenopsis flowered in 1886, and possesses a

Xiv. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION

double interest, being the first successful experiment undertaken to prove the origin of a wild plant. When in 1853, Phalenopsis intermedia first appeared, as a single plant in an importation of Phalaenopsis Aphrodite (then called P. amabilis) received from the Philippines, Dr. Lindley suggested that it might be a natural hybrid between that species and P. rosea. With a view to prove this hypothesis, Mr. Seden crossed P. rosea with the pollen of P. Aphrodite, and when the resulting progeny flowered for the first time, in 1886, it proved absolutely identical with the wild P. X intermedia.

In 1886, the work of two other hybridists appeared. Cypripedium x Io was raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from C. Argus and C. Lawrenceanum, and C. X apiculatum in that of D. O. Drewett, Esq., of Riding Mill-on-Tyne, from C. barbatum and C. Boxallii.

The work was now being rapidly extended over a wider field, for in 1887 hybrids raised by at least seven new operators flowered for the first time, and Reichenbach remarked ‘‘All Orchidic England is engaged in the procreation of mules.’ We may briefly mention them, but the great extension of the work will prevent us from giving more than a selection in future. Dr. Harris, of Lamberhurst, Kent (a namesake of the gentleman who gave Dominy the idea of hybridising Orchids), flowered Cattleya x Harrisii, raised from C. Leopoldi and C. Mendelu, C. xX Miss Harris, from C. Mossiz and C. Schilleriana, and Lelia X Novelty, from L. pumila and Leliocattleya x elegans. W. Vanner, Esq., Camden Wood, Chislehurst, flowered Dendrobium X Vannerianum, raised from D. moniliforme (japoni- cum) and D. Falconeri. Captain Hincks, of Breckenbrough, Thirsk, Yorks, raised Masdevallia x Hincksiana, from M. tovarensis and M. ignea. Mr. F. Horn, gardener to Baron N. Rothschild, of Vienna, flowered Cypripedium x Hornianum from C. superbiens and C. Spicerianum. Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. Albans, flowered Masdevallia x Geleniana, raised from M. caudata and M. xanthina, Reichenbach remarking “ This is the debut of Mr. F. Sander in Orchid hybridising, and very many more are forthcoming.” Lastly, we find two Cypripediums, x Charles Canham and x Mrs. Canham, said to have been raised by an amateur, whose name was not divulged, but has since been recorded as Mr. James Douglas. They were obtained from C. superbiens and C. villosum, and the reverse cross, and were sent out by Messrs. Veitch.

Among the numerous hybrids of 1887 the most interesting was Zygoco- lax X Veitchu, raised by Mr. Seden from Zygopetalum crinitum fertilised with the pollen of Colax jugosus, which flowered when a little over five years old. It marks the commencement of a new era in the nomenclature of generic Orchid hybrids. Hitherto such plants had been referred to one

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION XV.

or the other of the parent genera, but with very unsatisfactory results, and the precedent adopted in another group of compounding a new name from the joint names of the parent genera was now extended to Orchids (See Rolfe, ‘‘On bigeneric Orchid Hybrids,” Journ. Linn. Soc. xxiv. pp. 156-170, t. 48). Seven names for generic hybrids were there established.

In 1888 the genus Epidendrum was added to the list, when E. x O’Brienianum flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment, having been raised by Mr. Seden by crossing E. evectum with the pollen of E. radicans. The first hybrid from Cattleya citrina also flowered when 6% years old. It was raised by Dr. Harris, of Lamberhurst, the seed parent being C. intermedia. It was called C. xX citrino-intermedia. About thirty other new hybrids were recorded, including the work of at least four new operators.

The first artificial hybrid Miltonia flowered in 1889. Various experi- ments are said to have been made with this and the allied genus Odonto- glossum, and young seedlings had been raised, though none survived until reaching the flowering stage. It was M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, who first attained success, M. x Bleuana flowering for the first time in January, 1889, when rather under five years old. Its parents were M. vexillaria ? and M. Roezli ¢.

The first hybrid of Brassavola Digbyana, then known as Lalia Digbyana, also appeared. It was raised by Messrs. Veitch, Cattleya Mossiz being the seed parent, and received an Award of Merit from the R. H. S. in April, 1889, under the name of Lelia x Digbyano-Mossiz. It was afterwards referred to Leliocattleya, and ultimately to Brasso- cattleya.

In 1889 the first hybrid Cymbidium also flowered, having been raised by Messrs. Veitch from C. Lowianum and C. eburneum. It received a First-class Certificate from the R. H. S. on March rath, 1889, under the name of Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum. It is now called C. xX Veitchil.

The most noteworthy addition to the list recorded during 1890 was Epiphronitis x Veitchii, a new generic cross, raised by Mr. Seden from Sophronitis grandiflora crossed with the pollen of Epidendrum radicans. It received a First-class Certificate from the R. H. S. on June 24th, 18go. It is remarkable for having the habit of a greatly dwarfed edition of the pollen parent, the influence of the seed parent being chiefly seen in its larger flower and slightly darker colour.

In 1890 also an artificially-raised hybrid Odontoglossum first reached the flowering stage, in the collection of Baron Edmond de Rothschild, of Armainvilliers, near Paris. About the end of 1884, M. Leroy fertilised O. crispum with the pollen of O. luteopurpureum, and in May, 18go, one out

Xvi. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION

of a batch of five seedlings flowered, and was named O. x Leroyanum, though it was immediately afterwards referred to O. X Wilckeanum, a natural hybrid with the same parentage.

The first hybrid Phaius of pure parentage also flowered during 18go, though the genus had previously been crossed with Calanthe. Phaius x Cooksoni was raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oak- wood, Wylam-on-Tyne, where it was raised from P. Wallichii, crossed with the pollen of P. simulans (formerly confused with P. tuberculosus). The seed was sown in December, 1887, and a plant flowered in March, 1899, when only two years and a quarter old.

The first hybrid Stanhopea was raised in Germany, in the collection of Herr Spindler, of Spindlersfeld, from S. oculata crossed with the pollen of S.tigrina. It flowered in the summer of 1890, and was described and figured as S. X Spindlerianum.

Disa X Veitchil, the first hybrid in the genus, was raised by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, from D. racemosa crossed with the pollen of D. grandiflora, and flowered when only a year and nine months old, thus creating a record for quickness of flowering. It received a First-class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Flora Medal from the Royal Horticultural Society on June gth, 1891.

The second artificially-raised Odontoglossum flowered in 1891, and is interesting because the plant was raised to prove the parentage of a wild hybrid. Odontoglossum X excellens had been described by Reichenbach, in 1881, as a natural hybrid between O. Pescatorei and O. tripudians, but it was soon suggested that the second parent must have been O. triumphans. Mr. Seden accordingly crossed O. Pescatorei with the pollen of O. triumphans, and when the resulting seedling flowered it proved to be identical with the wild plant.

In 1892 a hybrid having three genera in its composition flowered. It was raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons from Sophronitis grandiflora ? and Leliocattleya X Schilleriana g, and received the name of Sophro- cattleya X Veitchiana. The plant is now known as Sophrocatlelia x Veitchiana, which indicates its parentage more correctly.

The first hybrid Vanda was described in 1893, under the name of Vanda xX Miss Joaquim. It was raised at Singapore, by the lady whose name it bears, from V. Hookeriana and V. teres, which species are said to be cultivated in every garden in Singapore. It isa very handsome hybrid.

In 1894 a hybrid Sobralia appeared, namely, S. x Veitchii, raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, from S. macrantha crossed with the pollen of S. xantholeuca. It received a First-class Certificate from the R. H. S. in July, 1894.

In 1894 Sophrolelia was also added to the list. Messrs. Veitch

AISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. XVil.

flowered a hybrid between Lelia Dayana ¢ and Sophronitis grandiflora 7, which was exhibited by them under the name of Sophrocattleya x leta, but shortly afterwards it was described as Sophrolelia x leta (O. R. 1894, Pp- 334).

The third generic hybrid recorded in 1894 was Epilelia x Hardyana, a plant being exhibited at a meeting of the R. H. S. in November, 1894, by Messrs. Sander. It had, however, according to a letter from Mr. Sander, previously flowered, in February, 1891. It was raised in the collection of Baron N. Rothschild, of Vienna, by M. Joly, from Epidendrum ciliare ? and Lelia anceps ¢.

In November, 1896, another hybrid Odontoglossum appeared, and received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. under the name of O. x crispo-Hallii. It was raised in the collection of N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from O. Halli @ and O.crispum ¢, and was afterwards called O. * Cookson.

About the same time Calanthe >< albata flowered in the establishment of Messrs. Sander, at St. Albans, and is remarkable as the first hybrid between the deciduous and evergreen sections Of the genus. Its parents are C. veratrifolia 2 and C. xX Cooksomi (a form of C. & Sedeni) 3. Many unsuccessful attempts to unite the two sections had previously been made.

In 1897 a genuine Epicattleya appeared—for the earlier natural hybrid Epicattleya x guatemalensis had been referred to Cattleya. The novelty was raised by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, from Cattleya Bowringiana crossed with the pollen of Epidendrum radicans, and received the name of Epicattleya x matutina. In its reed-like stems it most resembles the pollen parent.

The genus Spathoglottis was also added to the lst, Messrs. Veitch flowering the handsome S. x aureo-Vieillardii, said to have been raised from S. aurea ¢ and S. Vieillardii g. It has, however, since been pointed out that the seed parent was S. Kimballiana, which at that time was thought to be synonymous with S. aurea, but is now known to be different. The hybrid is now called S. x Veitchii, and is figured at page 31T.

A second hybrid having three genera involved in its parentage also appeared during 1897, receiving an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. under the name of Brassocatlelia ¥ Lindleyano-elegans. It was raised in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., from Brassocattleya x Lindleyana and Leliocattleya x elegans, both parents being themselves generic hybrids. It is now called Brassocatlelia x Lawrencei.

The most interesting hybrids of 1898 were three Odontoglossums raised in the establishment of M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, Ghent. First came O. »% loochristiense, raised from O. crispum and O. triumphans, and afterwards O. x crispo-Hartyanum, from O. crispum and O. Harryanum,

XVII1. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.

the latter receiving a First-class Certificate at the Temple Show. In both cases O. crispum was the seed parent. The former has since proved identical with the natural hybrid O. x harvengtense, and the latter is now known as O. X spectabile. The third of the series was O. X Rolfez, obtained by crossing O. nobile (Pescatore1) with the pollen of O. Harryanum.

In 1899 another generic hybrid appeared, being raised by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, from Zygopetalum crinitum fertilised with the pollen of Batemannia Colleyi. It was described under the name of Zygobate- mannia X Mastersii, in compliment to the late Dr. Maxwell T. Masters, ERS;

The genus Angreecum was added to the lst in 1899, Messrs. Veitch flowering a handsome hybrid from A. sesquipedale ? and A. superbum ¢, which received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. under the name of A. X Veitchii. At the same time a Silver Flora Medal was given to the raiser, Mr. John Seden.

A hybrid between Leelia cinnabarina ? and Brassavola Digbyana 3 was also raised by Messrs. Veitch, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. under the name of L. X Mrs. M. Gratrix, for the pollen parent was then referred to Lelia. The hybrid is now known as Brassolelia x Gratrixiz.

In rgoz three new generic hybrids were recorded. Leptolelia x Veitch was raised by Messrs. Veitch from Leptotes bicolor ? and Leelia cinnabarina ¢. Zygonisia X Rolfeana was raised by Messrs. Sander, from Zygopetalum maxillare (Gautieri) @ and Aganisia lepida 3, and received an Award of Merit at the Holland House Show. Phaiocymbidium x chard- warense was raised in the collection of G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water, Glos., it is said from Phaius Wallichii (P. grandi- folius was at first recorded) @ and Cymbidium giganteum g, but the point requires confirmation, for the plant has entirely the character of the Phaius parent, except as regards colour.

In 1903 the genus Cynorchis was added to the list, when C. x kewensis flowered for the first time at Kew, where it was raised from C. Lowiana fertilised with the pollen of C. purpurascens. The cross was made in the spring of 1901, and the seed sown in the following autumn, and germinated very guickly, while in May, 1903, two of the seedlings flowered, when little over two years had clapsed from the time that the cross was made.

A hybrid from Schomburgkia tibicinis ? and Cattleya Mossiz g also appeared, having been raised by Messrs. Dallemagne and Co. It is known under the name of Schombocattleya x spiralis, and is figured at page 233..

Vanda X Marone was another interesting addition, which was raised by M. Ch. Maron from V. teres 2 and V. suavis 3, and exhibited at the Temple Show. It was the second hybrid in the genus, and the first raised

n Europe. '

AISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. XIX.

The year 1904 produced a sensational hybrid when the six-flowered inflorescence of Odontioda X Vuylstekez appeared at the Temple Show, and received both a First-class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal. It was raised by M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Ghent, from Cochlioda Neetzliana and Odontoglossum nobile (Pescatorei), and is figured at page 281.

Other interesting hybrids of the year were the beautiful albino Cattleya x Peetersie, raised by M. Peeters, of Brussels, from C. Gaskelliana alba X C. Warneri alba, Sophrocattleya x Doris, raised by Messrs. William Bull & Sons, from S. grandiflora and C. Dowiana aurea, and S.-c. * Atreus, by Messrs. Veitch, from S. grandiflora and C. Lawrenceana.

In 1905 three new generic hybrids appeared. Dialelia x Veitchii was raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, from Diacrium bicornutum and Lela cinnabarina, and received a Botanical Certificate from the Scientific committee of the R.H.S. in the spring of the year. It was described as most resembling the Diacrium in habit, as well as in the colour of the flowers.

* Odontioda xX Lairesseze was raised by M. A. de Lairesse, of Liége, Belgium, from Odontoglossum crispum crossed with the pollen of Miltonia Warscewiczii, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on July zoth, 1905. It is most like the pollen parent in habit, as well asin the colour of the flowers, which, however, are larger and modified in shape. It is figured on page 217.

Epidiacrium X gattonense is a hybrid raised in the collection of Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, from Diacrium bicornutum and Epidendrum radicans. It was described as most like a dwarf form of the latter, and bearing a terminal head of reddish scarlet flowers. It was exhibited without a name on May 9th, 1905.

The genus Promenza was also added to the list in 1905, a seedling from P. stapleioides ? and P. xanthina g having flowered in the collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in May, 1905, under the name of P. x Crawshayana. It is now believed to be a form of the natural hybrid P. x Rollissoni.

The first two hybrids of Odontoglossum Edwardii were also recorded, namely O. X Lairessei, raised by M. A. de Lairesse, of Liége, from O. Cervantesii @ and O. Edward #, and Q: x» Thompsonianum, which flowered in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., of Stone, and received 4 First-class Certificate fromthe R.A.S.;, irom-O; Edwardiu ? and O.

crispum ¢. This, however, was raised in the collection of D. B. Rappart,

Esq., of Liscard. A handsome hybrid from O. Rossi crossed with the pollen of O. x

spectabile flowered in 1905 with Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., and received

XXL HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. on December 5th under the name of O. X Smithii. Itwas the first successful attempt to unite the Mexican Odontoglossums with those of the O. crispum group. It is figured on page 290.

In 1906 an additional generic hybrid appeared, namely Brassoepidendrum % stamfordiense, which was exhibited by H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill. It is said to have been derived from Epidendrum Parkin- sonianum X Brassavola glauca.

The first hybrid Cceelogyne also appeared in 1906, in the collection ot Col. Brymer, Ilsington House, Dorchester. It is said to have been raised from C. Dayana x C. asperata, and received the name of C. X Brymeriana. It bore a pendulous raceme of nineteen flowers.

Several interesting hybrids appeared in 1907, one of the earliest being the beautiful Odontioda x Bradshawiz, which received a First-class Certiticate from the R.H.S. on January rgth. It was raised by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., from Cochlioda Neetzliana @ and Odontoglossum crispum ¢, and is figured on page 28v. Later in the year came the brilliant Odontioda x Devossiana, raised by M. H. Graire, of Amiens, France, from Odontoglossum LEdwardii fertilised with the pollen of Cochlioda Neetzliana, which received a First-class Certificate on October 29th. Another hybrid from Odontoglossum Edwardii was raised by Messrs. William Bull & Sons, and received an Award of Merit on January 8th, under the name of O. * Alicizs. O. X spectabile was the pollen parent. It is figured on page 282. Odontonia * Elwoodii was raised by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. from Odontoglossum cirrhosam and Miltonia Roezlu. Cizlogyne X Colmanii was raised in the collection of Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, from C.speciosa and C. cristata alba, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. It is figured at page 265. Lastly may be mentioned Brassocattleya x Alexanderi, a striking hybrid from Cattleya citrina crossed with the pollen of Brassavola Digbyana, which was raised in the collection of Major G. L. Holford, at Westonbirt, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S.in March, 1907.

This hasty survey, while indicating how the work was being constantly extended over a wider field, fails to show what was being done with the earlier genera, but in the following pages may be seen what substantial progress was being made. The genus Paphiopedilum heads the list, with over 750 hybrids; Leeliccattleya follows with over 360, Cattleya has over 230, Dendrobium and Odontoglossum have each over go (and the latter is growing very rapidly), Leelia and Masdevallia muster over 40, Phragmo- pedilum over 30, and Phaizenopsis over 20, from which the numbers dwindle down to units in the case of Aérides, Angreecum, Cynorchis, Promenzea and Thunia.

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. XXI.

GENERIC HyYBRIDs.

The number of generic hybrids enumerated is 25, of which the following 23 are bigeneric :—

Ancectomaria, from Ancectochilus and Hemaria. Brassocattleya, » Brassavola and Cattleya. Brassoepidendrum, _,, - and Epidendrum. Brassolelia, i es jn. | Leeeliax Dialelia, » Diacrium and Lelia. Dossinimaria, », Dossinia and Haemaria. Epicattleya, », Cattleya and Epidendrum. Epidiacrium, ,, Diacrium ,, ss Epueelia, » Epidendrum and Lelia. Epiphronitis, 5 3 » Sophronitis. Leliocattleya, » Cattleya and Lelia. Leptolzlia, ,, Lelia and Leptotes. Macomaria, » Hemaria and Macodes. Odontioda, », Cochlioda and Odontoglossum. Odontonia, 3 Miltoma ,, - Phaiocalanthe, ,, Calanthe and Phaius. Phaiocymbidium, 5, ? Cymbidium and Phatus. Schombocattleya, ,, Cattleya and Schomburgkia. Sophrocattleya, 3 mn 5, Sophronitis. Sophroleelia, ,, Lelia and Sophronitis. Zygobatemannia, , Batemannia and Zygopetalum. Zygocalyx, 55. Colax 4 4 Zygonisia, , Aganisia o .

Two others have three genera in their composition, these, of course, being secondary hybrids. They are :-—

Brassocatlelia, from Brassavola, Cattleya and Leelia.

Sophrocatlelia, ,, Cattleya, Lelia and Sophronitis.

An analysis of the parentage of these trigeneric hybrids may be interesting. Brassocatlelia includes ten distinct hybrids, seven of which were derived from the intercrossing of Brassavola and Leeliocattleya, one from Brassocattleya and Lelia, one from Brassolelia and Cattleya, and one from Brassocattleya and Leliocattleya. Of Sophrocatlelia four hybrids are known, two of these being derived from the intercrossings of Cattleya and Sophrolelia, and two from Leeliocattleya and Sophronitis. The arrangement may seem puzzling at first sight, but a4 moment’s consideration will show that in each case the same three genera are represented, though in slightly different proportions. This brings out the curious fact that the same result may be reached by several

XSI. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.

different ways, and it may be added that when hybrids between Brasso- cattleya and Brassolelia appear, also between Brassolelia and Leelio- cattleya, they will also have to be included under Brassocatlelia, which will exhaust the possible ways of obtaining this artificial or hybrid genus.

In one of these fourteen trigeneric hybrids, namely Brassocatlelia x Lawrencei, both the parents were themselves hybrids, and an analysis shows that it has four species in its composition, Brassavola tuberculata, Cattleya intermedia, C. Leopoldi, and Lelia purpurata.

SPECIFIC COMPOSITION OF HYBRIDS.

An analysis of the specific composition of the hybrids enumerated would give some curious results. Hybrids may be divided into primary and secondary, and the latter include hybrids of various degrees of complexity. There are hybrids derived from two species, from three, from four, and in one case even from five, anda brief consideration of these several classes will be interesting.

Primary Hyenips are the result of crossing distinct species, sometimes belonging to different genera, and necessarily represent the first stage in the process. Primary hybrids almost invariably show a blend of the parental characters, and can usually be fairly described as intermediate, though in a few cases one parent is apparently prepotent over the other, and thus may be described as dominant. The seedlings, even out of the same capsule, often vary slightly between themselves, and the variation is increased when different varieties of the same species are used, but the differences are seldom great, and no difficulty is experienced in assigning all as forms of the same hybrid. Reversing the cross seldom makes any difference, for in many cases where the reverse cross has been made the result is practically identical.

PREPOTENCY, already mentioned, sometimes exhibits itself in a very peculiar way. Either parent may exert this prepotent character. In the case of Cattleya x lamberhurstensis it is the seed parent, C: intermedia, which is dominant, but in Epiphronitis x Veitchii it is the pollen parent, Epidendrum radicans, and the character is so marked, both in habit and floral structure, that without actual evidence no one would suspect that it was a seedling from Sophronitis grandiflora. Epicattleya x matutina, Epilelia X Charlesworthii and a few others exhibit the same kind of pre- potency. All are suspected to be cases of partial reversion, the hybrids resembling the more ancestral of the two parents. The idea is borne out by the disappearance of other characters which may be considered as of comparatively recent development. For example, the peculiar beak- like staminode of Paphiopedilum Rothschildianum is invariably lost in its hybrids, the organ reverting to the more typical shield-shaped form.

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. XXIII.

FatsE Hysrips.—There is another kind of prepotency—if the term is indeed applicable—in which the seedlings resemble the sced parent entirely, the influence of the pollen parent being apparently lost. Zygopetalum Mackay furnishes one of the best known examples, for it has been crossed with more than one species of Odontoglossum, also with such diverse plants as Lycaste Skinneri, Oncidium tigrinum, and Lelia anceps, and yet the seedlings in each case resembled the seed parent entirely. It is nota case of self-fertilisation, for in each case the pollen of the Zygopetalum was carefully removed (and unless the foreign pollen is applied to the stigma no capsule is produced). It is suspected to be a case of parthenogenesis, the stimulus of pollination sufficing to cause the ovules to develop into buds. These and other similar cases are worthy of further investigation from a biological standpoint, but they are outside the scope of the present work. The very term * false” hybrids implies a doubt whether they are hybrids at all in a true sense.

SECONDARY Hysrips form a very numerous class. They have arisen from the intercrossing of primary hybrids, either with their own parent species, with different species, or with each other. Their existence necessarily involves the question of the fertility of hybrids, which we have not touched upon, but which for the present may, in the majority of cases, be taken for granted. The one striking difference between secondary and primary hybrids is the much greater variability of the former. It may not be equally apparent in all cases, especially where the original parents are very closely allied, but it is so common as to have attracted universal attention, and various attempts have been made to explain it. The facts are beyond dispute, and the controversial side of the question may be omitted.

This great variability was noticed when the very first batch of secondary hybrids flowered, as already mentioned (p. x.), and it may be interesting to record an observation made at the time. Five of the seedlings of Lelio- cattleya x fausta (then called Cattleya x fausta) were painted by Mr. John Day, who remarked as follows (Orch. Draw. xxx. t. 31): “ Mr. Seden tells me that they raised seven plants of it only (or that only seven have flowered), and they were all different. This he attributes to the fact that the pollen parent, Cattleya exoniensis, is itself a hybrid between C. Mossiz and Lelia crispa, and some of the offspring have run back to their grandparents, and some have taken more to their mamma, C. Loddigesi.””, The remark is interesting on another account, for it shows that Mr. Seden had then correctly diagnosed the much-disputed parentage of the pollen parent.

SECONDARY HYBRIDS DERIVED FROM Two SPECIES are necessarily primary hybrids intercrossed with one of their own parents, and these now form a very numerous class. Phragmopedilum x Sedeni re-crossed with

XXIV. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.

P. longifolium and P. Schlimu, and yielding respectively P. x Ainsworthi (calurum), and P. cardinale, may be mentioned as two familiar examples. In each case they exhibit a partial return to the characters of the original species. One of them has been carried further, for P. xX cardinale has been re-crossed with P. Schlimii, yielding P. x Ada (see p. 226), in which P. Schlimii is represented three times over, thus giving seven-eighths of that species and only one-eighth P. longifolium. Ina similar way Dendrobium x Ainsworthii has been re-crossed with D. « nobile, yielding D. x Rubens, and with D. aureum, yielding D. x Gem; while Leeliocattleya xX Schilleriana has been re-crossed with Cattleya intermedia, yielding L.-c. x Zampa, and with Lelia purpurata yielding L.-c. x Horniana. There are even smaller degrees of difference. For example, Phragmopedilum x Sedenii has been crossed with both P. x Ainsworthii and P. x cardinale, and although the parents are themselves separated by only a fractional difference (one eighth) the respective hybrids have received separate names. We have left them as P. X Lemoinierianum and P. x Rosy-Gem, but it will be seen that the interval separating the original P. longifolium and P. Schlimii has been almost filled up by a series of slightly differing inter- mediate forms, involving a very difficult question of nomenclature.

SECONDARY HyYBrips COMBINING THREE SPECIES may result from the intercrossing of primary hybrids with a third species, as in the case of Leliocattleya Xx fausta, Just mentioned, or from the union of primary hybrids that have one parent in common, as in the variable Paphiopedilum < Charlesianum, whose parents, P. x Leeanum and P. & nitens, are both partly derived from P. insigne. | Combinations of three species may also be formed by crosses of increased complexity. It is among hybrids formed by the union of three distinct species that the remarkably wide range of variation observed among secondary hybrids is first met with. Paphio- pedilum x aureum and P. * Hera may be mentioned as two of the most familiar examples, but many others could be enumerated.

HYBRIDS COMBINING FOUR SPECIES result from the intercrossing of primary hybrids whose original parents are all different ; also from more complex crosses. For example Paphiopedilum > Harri-Leeanum was derived from P. X Harrisianum and P. X Leeanum, and thus is composed of equal parts of P. barbatum, villosum, insigne and P. Spicerianum, but the same four species were combined when P. Spicerianum and P. * cenanthum were united to form P. & Figaro, though the proportions are different. In this the amount of P. Spicerianum blood is doubled, while that of P. barbatum and P. villosum is reduced by one-half. Again, in P. x Brunianum, raised from P. X Leeanum and P. xX cenanthum, the same four species appear, but here we get half P. insigne and a quarter of P. Spicerianum, while P. barbatum and P. villosum are represented as in P. x

HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. | XXV.

Figaro. Other combinations between the same four species are possible, it not actually in existence. But the complexity does not end here, for a similar result may be reached in three different ways. P. x Boyleanum was raised from P. X Crossianum and P. X Harrisianum, but the union of P. xX nitens with P. x calophyllum, also that of P. x Ashburtone with P. x Measuresianum would agree on analysis, each being composed of equal parts of P. barbatum, insigne, venustum and villosum. The second cross is called P. X Patria, but the arrangement is not satisfactory. The third cross has not been raised.

HYBRIDS FROM FIVE SPECIES are at present rare. The first was Paphiopedilim x Kubele, raised from P. x cenanthum @ and P. x Youngianum ¢, which flowered in Igor. Two years later, P. X Kohinoor appeared, raised from P. X cenanthum ¢@ and P. X Haywoodianum ¢@, and in 1906 P. x Seraphis, from P. x Orpheus @ and P. X cenanthum ¢. All were raised by the late Mr. Reginald Young, of Liverpool, and it will be noticed that in each case P. x cenanthum was one ofthe parents, so that all have three species in common. In fact P. x Kubele and P. xX Kohinoor possess four species in common, for both P. x Youngianum and P. x Haywoodianum are half derived from P. superbiens, and thus the difference between them is 1n respect of cnly one out of the five original species.

Hybrids of still greater complexity are clearly possible, but we do not remember one having flowered yet.

VARIABILITY OF Hyprips.—An excellent example of the wide range of variation seenin secondary hybrids is afforded by the case of Paphiopedilum x Hera, derived from P.x Leeanum ? and P. Boxalliig, of which a series of thirty flowers, arranged in three groups, have been figured (Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxvii. pp. 614-624, fig. 167-169: Orch. Rev. 1903, pp. 71-73, fig. 16-18). They were selected from a series of forty-nine flowers, of which no two were exactly alike. The thirty figured show great variation both in shape and colour, some being profusely spotted and blotched with purple- brown, and others much suffused with the same colour, while in a few the purple markings are very much reduced. These differences may be attributed to the varying influence in the offspring of the original species, P. Boxallii, P. insigne and P. Spicerianum, and it emphasises the import- ance of keeping accurate records, for their common origin would never have been guessed.

Still more remarkable is the case of P. aureum, a hybrid from P. Spicerianum ¢ and P. nitens (Sallier1 Hyeanum) 3, which has been described under nearly forty different names. We cannot give the whole range of variation, but may mention the differences seen in the six varieties figured by M. Goossens (Dict. Ic. Orch., Paph. hyb.). P. X aureum (t. 24) has the petals, lip and the lower half of the dorsal sepal greenish yellow,

XXVi. HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION.

with the upper half of the latter white, the only other colour being a few minute brown lines at the base of the petals and a few brown dots inside the lip. In var. virginale (t. 24.) there is a slight suffusion of brown in the flower, and some purple veining on the petals and base of the dorsal sepal. In var. Marie Closon (t. 24e) the purple on the dorsal sepal takes the form of a band, which extends to beyond the middle of the dorsal sepal. In var. Cyrus (t. 24d) the bandon the dorsal sepal is broader and extends right to the apex, while traces of lateral bands occur, with many brown dots on the base of the dorsal sepal and petals. In var. Gidippe (t. 24c) the greater part of the dorsal sepal is suffused and veined with purple, and the whole flower is darker in colour. Lastly, in var. Hebe (t. 24b) both the petals and dorsal sepal are closely spotted with dark brown all over, the spots on the latter being purple where they extend into the white area. These remark- ably diverse forms came out of the same capsule.

The case of Dendrobium x Blackianum (Orch. Rev. 1904, p. 104) is equally remarkable. It was obtained from D. Findlayanum crossed with the pollen of D. X Wiganiz, and exhibits a remarkable range of variation. There are buff yellow forms, with the disc of the lip reddish maroon, and varying considerably in size, others in which the coloured disc is greatly reduced in size or almost absent, some with white ground colour and purple tips to the sepals and petals, and a purple disc to the lip; in short there are forms approaching each parent in general character.

Among Dendrobiums, Cattleyas, Odontoglossums and others cases could be mentioned where a wide range of variation has been observed between the offspring from the same capsule, and the more distinct the original species the greater the possibilities of variation. This variation affords materials for selection, and for great improvements in the future.

ARR SS

THE LITERATURE OF ORCHID HYBRIDS. THE literature of Orchid Hybrids is becoming rather extensive, and the following list of works and papers dealing with various phases of the subject will probably be found useful. It does not profess to be exhaustive, but contains most of the principal works that were readily accessible at the time it was compiled, and includes many papers on Natural Hybrids belonging to cultivated genera.

1847. On Hybridisation among Vegetables. By the Hon. and Very Rev. William Herbert, LL.D. Orchids.—¥ourn. Hort. Soc. vol. ii. p. 104.

1858. Calanthe x Dominii (witha few general remarks). By Dr. Lindley. —Gard. Chron. 1858, p. 4.

1871. Seedling Orchids. By F. W. Burbidge.—Gard. Chron. 1871, pp.

43-44, fig. 9. 1873. Hybridising Orchids. By F. W. Burbidge.—The Garden, iii. pp. 163-164.

1876. Cultivated Plants, their propagation and improvement. By F. W. Burbidge. The Orchid family, pp. 414-424.

1883. Hybrid Cypripediums. By W. Goldring.—Gard. Chron. 1883, i. ps FOF:

1886. The Hybridisation of Orchids. By H. J. Veitch, F.L.S.—Fourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. vil. pp. 22-36, with five plates.

1887. On Bigeneric Orchid Hybrids. By R. A. Rolfe, A.L.S.—Fourn. Linn. Soc. xxiv. pp. 156-170, t. 4.

1887-1894. A Manual of Orchidaceous Plants cultivated under glass in Great Britain. By James Veitch & Sons. (Includes most of the hybrids then in existence).

1888. On the fertilisation of Cattleya labiata var. Mossiz, Lindl. By Harry James Veitch, F.L.S.—Fourn. Linn. Soc. xxiv. pp. 395-406, fig. I-14.

1892. Les Orchidées de Semis. By Ernest Bergman.—fourn. Soc. Nat. d’Hort. de France, xiv. pp. 41-43, 85-93, 159-169, 211-223, 274- 292, 422-446, 494-506.

1893 The History of Orchid Hybridisation. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. 1. pp. 3-6, 35-40, 67-71, 99-103, 131-134, 195-197, 227-229, 259- 263, 291-295, 323-328, 356-360.

1893-1904. Hybrid Odontoglossums. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch Rev. i. pp. 142-144, 170-174, 201-206, 275-278, 331-334; ll. Pp. 139-141, 200- 201, 328-330; iii. pp. 325-329; Vv. PP. 74-75; vi. pp. 179-180;

xxvii.

XXVHi. THE LITERATURE OF ORCHID HYBRIDS.

vil. pp. 167-169; vill. pp. 299-301; ix. pp. 56, 260-264; Xi. pp. 197- 198; xil. p. 176. (A series of papers relating to the Natural Hybrids in the genus).

1893. Leelio-cattleya x elegans and L.-c. x Schilleriana. By R.A Rolfe, —Orch. Rev. i. pp. 235-238.

1893. Hybrid Oncidiums. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. 1. pp. 298-302.

1893. Leeho-cattleya x Gottolana and L.-c. xX albanensis. By R. A, Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. i. pp. 338-339.

1893. The Nomenclature of Hybrids. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. 1. pp. 340-343.

1894. Some Results of the Hybridisation of Orchids. By James Veitch & Sons.—Veitch Man. Orch. x. pp. 138-154.

1894. Orchid Hybridisation.—Orch. Rev. ii. pp. 50-52, 83-86, 16-118, 166-168.

1894. Hybrids between Cypripedium and = Selenipedium. By W. Swan.—Orch. Rev. u. p. I7I.

1894. Catasetum x splendens. By R.A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. i. pp. 355, 357; il. pp. 85-86.

1895. The Orchid Hybrids (with first supplement). By Geo. Hansen. Second Supplement, 1899.

1895. A List of Hybrid Cypripediums. By H. J. Chapman.—Gard- Chron. 1895, 11. pp. 199-201.

1895. Les Cypripediums hybrides d’origine Francaise. By H. Martinet.— Le Fardin, 1895, pp. 52-53. Repeated in Gard. Chron. 1895, ii. p. 370.

1895. American Hybrid Cypripediums.—dA merican Gardening, March 23rd, 1895. Repeated in Gard, Chron. 1895, i. p. $30.

1895. Dictionnaire des Orchidées Hybrides.—By E. Bohnhof.

1895. Cypripedium x siamense. By Reginald Young.—Orech. Rev. ii pp. 20-21.

1895. Mexican Hybrid Lelias. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. iii. pp. 45-48.

1895. Hybrid Selenipediums.—-Orch. Rev. ili. pp. 75-80.

1895. Oncidium x hematochilum. By Thomas T. Potter.—Orch Rev. lil PP. 174-175, 230 5 Vile PD. 2737274, fig. Ts, p. 203.

1895. Cypripedium x Littleanum. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. iii. pp. 209-210, fig. 8.

1896. Natural Hybrid Orchids. By R. A. Rolfe.—Gard. Chron. 1896, i. pp. 105-106, 198-199, 232-234.

1896. Cypripediums with identical names. By Reginald Young.—Orch. Rev. iv. pp. II-I4, 37-39.

1896. A Hybridist’s Notes. By Theodore L. Mead.—Orch. Rev. iv. pp. 41-43, 169-171, 326.

THE LITERATURE OF ORCHID HYBRIDS. XXIX.

Notes on periods of ripening Orchid seed. By Norman C. Cookson. —Orch, Rev. iv. p. II2.

Nomenclature of Orchids. By the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain.— Orch. Rev. iv. pp. 133-135.

Nomenclature of Orchids. By C. C. Hurst.—Orch. Rev. iv. pp. 165- 166.

Regarding certain supposed Hybrid Orchids. By Emeric 5. Berkeley.—Orch. Rev. iv. pp. 167-168.

Quick hybridisation of Orchids. By Alex. Hodgkinson.—Orch. Rev. Iv. p. 334.

Complex Cypripedium Hybrids. By Reginald Young.—Orch. Rev. iv. pp. 361-362.

The raising of Orchid seedlings. By R. Eichel.—Orch. Rev. v. pp. 38-40, 82-84, 114-116, 138-140.

Curious Crosses. By C. C. Hurst.—Orch. Rev. v. pp. 179-180, 365- 307.

Curious Cypripedium Seedlings. By E. A. Orpet.—Orch. Rev. v. PP. 242-243.

Epidendrum radicans as a parent.—Orch. Rev. v. pp. 274, 301.

Closely allied hybrids. By Reginald Young.

Cattleya < hybrida. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. v. pp. 333-335.

Notes on Some Curiosities of Orchid Breeding. By C. C.

Orch. Rev. v. p. 275.

Hurst.—fourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxi. pp. 442°486, fig. 105-112 ; Orch. Rev. v. pp. 326-328; vi. pp. 202-204.

Paphiopedilum seed and the time to sow it. By Reginald Young.— Orch. Rev. vi. pp. 6-8; vii. p. 16. By E. C. H. Pidsley.——l.c. p. 34.

Zygopetalum crossed with Odontoglossum.—Orch. Rev. vi. p. 19.

Hybridising Dendrobiums. By F. H. Moore.—Orch. Rev, vl. pp. 52-54, 108-109.

Hybrid Orchids. By James O’Brien.-—Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxi. pp. 178-185 ; Orch. Rev. vi. p. 221.

Cypripedium niveum asa parent. By Reginald Young.—Orch. Rev. vi. pp. 362-365; vii. pp. 28-29.

Curiosities of Orchid Breeding. By C. C. Hurst.—Nature, Dec. 22nd, 1898, pp. 178-181; Orch. Rev. vil. pp. 1-12.

Curious Crosses. By C. C. Hurst-—Orch. Rev. vil. pp. 13-15.

Spontaneous Hybrids of Hardy Orchids. By C. Wolley Dod.— Gard. Chron, 1899, i. p. 1793 Orch. Rev. vil. p. 105.

Nomenclature of Hybrids.—Orch. Rev. vil. pp. 106-109.

Notes on some Experiments in Hybridisation and Cross-breeding. By C. Chamberlain Hurst, F.L.S.—Fourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxiv. pp. go-126, fig. g-41. This paper is largely devoted to Orchids).

1900.

Igoo.

1g00.

1900.

Tgoo.

1g00.

1gol.

Igol. Igol.

IQOr.

IgOl.

IgOL.

1902.

1902.

1902.

1902. 1902.

THE LITERATURE OF ORCHID HYBRIDS.

Hybridisation viewed from the standpoint of Systematic Botany. 3y R. Allen Rolfe, A.L.S.—Fourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxiv. pp. 181-202, fig. 93-102. (Includes Natural Hybrid Orchids whose parentage has been proved by experiment).

Fertility of Paphiopedilum Fairrieanum Hybrids. By J. E. Rothwell.—Orch. Rev. vill. p. 74. By Reginald Young. —/. c. pp. 103-104.

Hybrid Dendrobiums. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. vill. pp. 161-164.

Lelia cinnabarina as a parent. By E. O. Orpet.—Orch. Rev. viii. pp. 202-203.

Raising Orchids from seed. By E. O. Orpet.—Orch. Rev. vii. pp. 356-357:

Sur les unités des Caractéres spécifiques et leur application a l'étude des Hybridees. By Hugo de Vries.—Rev. Gén. Bot. 1900, PP. 257-271; Gard. Chron. 1goo, ii. pp. 391-392, 432. (Though not dealing with Orchid hybrids the principle is applicable to them, and the paper is therefore included).

The Evolution of Plants. By R. Irwin Lynch.—JFourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxv. pp. 17-37. (Includes a few Orchid hybrids).

Sander’s Orchid Guide. By F. Sander & Co. Addenda, 1903 (includes lists of hybrid Orchids).

Fertility of Hybrids. By E. O. Orpet.—Orch. Rev. ix. pp. 103-104.

Raising Orchids from seed. By E. O. Orpet.—Orch. Rev. ix. pp. IIO-I12.

Natural Hybrid Lycastes. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. ix. pp. 99- 102, 309-310.

Natural Hybrid Miltonias. By R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. ix. pp. 289-295.

Hybridisation and raising of Orchids. By James O’Brien.—Gard. Chron. Ig0l, ll. pp. 317-318.

Mendel’s Law applied to Orchid Hybrids. By C. C. Hurst, F.L.S., F.R.H.S.—Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxvi. pp. 688-695; Orch. Rev. x. pp. 187-188,

List of Orchids used in the fertilisation of Hybrids which have received either First-class Certificates or Awards of Merit from the R.H.S. By J. Gurney Fowler.—¥ourn. Rey. Hort. Soc. XXvl. pp. 696-723.

Mendel’s Law of Inheritance.—Orch. Rev. x. PP. II-13, 45, 107, 187-189, 236-239.

Nomenclature of Hybrids. By L. Cappe.—-Orch. Rev. x. pp. 38-40.

Experiments in Plant Hybridisation. By C. C. Hurst.—-Orch. Rev. Xe paps

1902. 1903. 1903. 1903.

1903.

1903.

1903.

1903.

1903. 1904.

1905,

1905. 1905. 1905.

1g05.

1905.

1906. 1go6. 1906. 1906.

1906.

ee Rig ccege ne RE OF ORCHID nes XXNI.

Variation in Secondary Hybrids. By C. C. Hurst.—Orch. Rev. x. pp. 74-76.

Epidendrum x kewense. =y RK Orch. Rev. xi. pp. 6-7.

Fertility of Hybrids. By C. C. aoe yee. Rev. xi. pp. 23-24.

Paphiopedilum x a By Reginald Young.—Oreh. Rev. xi. pp- 44°46.

Orchid Hybridisation.—Orch. Rev. xi. pp. 61-62, 122-123, 216-217, 253-254, 277-278, 316-318.

Mendel’s Law applied to Orchid Hybrids. By C.C. Hurst, F.L.S. —Fourn. Roy. Hort. Soc. xxvil. pp. 614-624, fig. 167-169; Orch. Rev. x1. pp. 71-74, fig. 16-18, pp. 97-99.

Calanthes and Mendel’s Law. By H. J. Chapman.—Orch. Rev. xi. Pps 110-127: By Ce C: Burst. ¢. xi, p. 158:

Recent Experiments in the Hybridisation of Orchids. By C. C. Hurst, F.L.S.—Report. Brit. Assoc. 1903, p. 353: Gard. Chron. 1903, ll. pp. 226-227; Orch. Rev. xi. pp. 314-316

Orchids, their culture and management. By H. J. Chapman: Contains a chapter ou Orchid Hybridisation (pp. 21-32).

Orchid hybridising in Florida. By T. L. Mead.—Orch. Rew. xii. p- 723; Xl. pp. 160-161.

Paphiopedilum Fairrieanum and its hybrids. By Francis Wellesley and R. A. Rolfe.—Orch. Rev. xi. pp. 11-18, 38-44, 68-73, 103- 108, 135-138, with 18 figures.

Mr. Warner’s Hybrid Cypripedes.—Orch. Rev. xi. pp. 291-293, 348-349.

Curiosities of Hybridisation. By Emily Thwaites.—Orch. Rev. Xlll. pp. 353°354-

A propos des Semis d’Orchidées. By Louis Cappe.—Le Fardin, 1905, Pp. 49-41; 362-363.

Recherches ee sur les semis des Orchidées. By Albert Maumené.—Le Jardin, 1895, pp. 158-159, fig. 83-86; Gard. Chron. 1968, Uk p. 22, Tig, 83-85.

Action des microorganismes sur la germination des Orchidées. By Noel Bernard.—Journ. Soc. Nat. Hort. France, 1905, pp- 434-439 3 Gard. Chron. 1905, ll. p- 104.

List of Orchid Hybrids. By Sander & Sons. Addenda, 1907.

Curiosities of Hybridisation. By F. Denis.—Orch. Rev. xiv. p. 28.

The Mendelian Laws of Inheritance.—Orch. Rev. xiv. pp. 97-99.

Hybrid Orchids. By H. J. Chapman.—Orch. Rev. xiv. pp.

gg-I0l. Hybridising with mixed pollen.—Orch. Rev. xiv. pp. 284-285; xv.

Pp. 375:

1907.

1907.

1907.

1907.

1907.

THE LITERATURE OF ORCHID HYBRIDS,

The late Reginald Young’s Hybridisation Experiments.—Orch. Rev. XIV. pp. 321-324.

Dendrobium seedlings and Mendel’s Law. By J. M. Black.—Orch. Rev. xiv. pp. 100-102.

Epidendrum x kewense: a Mendelian Experiment. By R. A. Rolfe.—-Orch. Rev. xv. pp. 58-59. By C. C. Hurst.—l. c. pp. 122-123.

Natural Hybrids of the Cattleya group. By R. Allen Rolfe, A.L.S.—Rep. third Internat. Conf. Genetics, pp. 222-241, fig. 51-55 (Includes the natural hybrids that have also been raised artificially).

Hybrid Odontoglossa. By de Barri Crawshay, F.R.H.S.—Rep. third Internat. Conf. Genetics, pp. 242-272, fig. 50-88.

Natural Hybrid Cattleyas. By L. Forget.—Orch. Rev. xv. pp. 293-296.

Cattleya x bahiensis and C. x Frankeana. By R. A. Rolfe.— Orch. Rev. xv. pp. 279-280, 316.

Hybridisation and Crossing in Orchids. By F. Ledien.—Moller’s Deutsche Gartner Zeitung ; Gard. Chron. 1907, 1. pp. 333-334:

Additional information may be found by the references given in the

body of the work, which includes a nearly complete enumeration of

published figures of hybrid Orchids.

A list of the principal works cited is given at pp. Nlvi.-xlviil.

a ° (c) one

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

THE Orchid Stud-Book would not be complete without a chapter on hybridising and the raising of Orchid seedlings, and as the work will doubtless appeal to beginners as well as to the expert hybridist, we will commence with the most elementary details.

HYBRIDISING is one of the most fascinating phases of Orchid culture. Every stage in the work is interesting—the pollination of the flower, the development of the capsule, the sowing and germination of the seeds, and the gradual development of the seedlings from the tiniest atom up to the time when the scape pushes up and the flower at length unfolds. Few Orchidists can resist the attempt to raise at least a few seedlings, but one must be prepared for disappointments, and it is this particular stage of the process which generally proves the most difficult. Once surmounted the rest iseasy, and the next difficulty may be that of finding the necessary space for the plants as they approach the flowering stage. But we will not anticipate.

THE MaTeErtALs.—No elaborate preparations are necessary. Such materials as are ready to hand will serve as a commencement, but it would be well to begin with some easy subject, proceeding to more difficult ones as experience is gained. A Cypripede or Cattleya is easily manipulated, but an Epidendrum of the radicans group, though more troublesome to cross, is an ideal subject in other respects, for the seedlings can be raised almost with certainty, as they germinate quickly, and begin to flower when under three years old. Two or three subjects might very well be tried together for a commencement, using whatever subjects are available. Later on a rigid selection of parents will be found desirable, but even at the outset the best possible forms should be used.

METHOD OF PROCEDURE.—Before commencing it is advisable that the operator should thoroughly understand the floral structure, by pulling a few flowers to pieces and identifying the pollen masses and stigma. In the majority of Orchids the pollen masses will be found under a little case at the apex of the column, and they may be easily removed with a pencil, a piece of stick, orin some cases with a finger, by lifting the case gently but firmly upwards and then withdrawing it, when the pollen masses will generally be found adhering to it. In the case of a Cypripede two pollen masses will be found—not enclosed in a case at the apex of the column—but one opposite to each lateral opening at the base of the lip. The pollen is viscous, and is easily removed with a pencil or piece of stick, but if the flower is to be

fertilised both the anthers should be cut clean away. The stigma is generally XXXiii.

xxxiv. HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

situated in a shallow cavity in front of the column, just below the anther, but in Cochlioda there are two stigmas, which thus become partially lateral, while in the Cypripedium group the stigma is the shield-shaped body situated on the underside of the column inside the lip, on the opposite side to the staminode. The stigma may generally be recognised by its shiny viscous surface, but in the Cypripedium group it is dry, the pollen here being viscous. Having identified the parts we may proceed to describe the details.

POLLINATION OF THE FLOWER.—Having selected the flower that is intended to be fertilised, the first thing to be done is to remove its own pollen—generally a very simple task, but in those genera which have powdery pollen care should be taken that no grains are left behind, or the flower might be self-fertilised. Next take the pollen that is intended to be used and apply it to the stigma, to which it will adhere, and the process of pollination is complete. The reverse cross may be effected at the same time, if the pollen from the first flower is then applied to the stigma of the second. In fertilising small flowers with pollen from larger ones it 1s some- times found that the pollen masses are too large to enter the stigma entire, and then it is necessary to cut them, and use only a portion, and conversely in reversing the operation the pollen of more than one flower is sometimes used. Crosses between Cochlioda and Odontoglossum and_ between Sophronitis and similar large flowers are examples.

RECORDING THE Cross.—The details of the cross should now be entered in a note-book, with a number, which latter should be written on a small tag, and tied loosely on to the pedicel of the flower. Crosses should be numbered consecutively, and carefully entered, space being left under each for future use, as success or failure, the sowing of the seed, &c. All records should be carefully kept, as the correct parentage is of great importance when the seedlings flower. One should not trust to memory for these details.

EFFECT OF POLLINATION.—The effect of pollination—if the cross has taken—will soon be apparent, in the floral segments fading prematurely and the column and ovary beginning to swell, and the chief thing to be done is to keep the plant healthy, and avoid checks and over-stimulation, so that the capsule may develop properly. A matter which sometimes perplexes beginners at this stage is that capsules will swell to a considerable size and then go off prematurely, or when they open they may be empty or contain only a mass of chaff without good seeds. The reason is frequently that fertilisation proper has not taken place, and an explanation of the process will make this point clear.

FERTILISATION proper does not take place immediately. When an Orchid flower opens the ovules are undeveloped, and, in this state, are

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. xxxv.

incapable of being fertilised. An example will make this point clear. If the ovary of an ordinary flower—a lily for example—be examined as soon as the flower opens, the ovules will be found in a developed condition, so that when the pollen is applied to the stigma the pollen tubes grow rapidly, making their way down the tissue of the style, and into the ovary, when they enter the micropyle (or mouth) of the ovule, and unite with the contents of the egg-cell, this latter constituting the act of fertilisation, after which union the ovule develops into a perfect seed. But if an Orchid flower be examined at this stage the ovarian cavity and ovules will be found quite rudimentary, and if the flower is not pollinated they will progress no further, the flower at length shrivelling and falling off. But when pollinated a rapid change takes place. The column and ovary begin to swell and the segments to fade or change colour. The ovary often looks like a simple pedicel when the flower expands, but after pollination it gradually takes on a capsule-like appearance. The act of pollination applies a stimulus to the ovary, causing it to swell, and the ovules to develop, after which only can fertilisation take place. This retarded development of the ovary is one of the points in which Orchids differ so markedly from most other plants, and is, of course, correlated with the slow development of the pollen tubes.

CaTTLEYA Moss1#.—In the case of Cattleya Mossiz the whole process has been worked out by Mr. Harry J. Veitch, who, by a series of experi- ments, ascertained the fact that fertilisation does not take place until a period of from 75 to go days after pollination. The process is briefly as follows: A few hours after pollination the floral segments become flaccid, and show signs of withering. Ina couple of days the pollinia are seen to be disintegrating, forming, with the viscid secretion from the stigma, a gelatinous mass that quite fills up the stigmatic cavity. At the same time the pollen tubes have commenced to grow, and in eight days they have reached the base of the column, being found in vast numbers among the conducting tissues. At the end of a month the ovary has become consider- ably enlarged, and the placentze and ovules are beginning to assume a definite form, while the pollen tubes are pushing downwards along the sides of the placente and among the ovules. In two months, though the pollen tubes are present in countless numbers, and have even reached the base of the ovary, the ovules are not yet developed, but soon afterwards they rapidly undergo a change of form, and at the end of about three months the long looked-for event takes place. The pollen tubes now enter the micropyle of the ovule, and fertilisation of the egg-cell is effected. It is noteworthy that before this event takes place the ovary has developed from a terete body, less than a quarter of an inch in diameter, to a six-angled one, more than seven times as broad, entirely through the stimulus given by the act of pollination, and it enables one to realise to some extent why a seed pod may

xxxvi. HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

make considerable progress, and yet go off, if for any reason the ovules should fail to be fertilised.

Causes OF FalLuRE.—The period required for the development of the pollen tubes and ovules varies considerably in different Orchids, and this may represent one of the causes of failure when very distinct species are intercrossed. When a species is fertilised with its own pollen all the forces at work are in complete harmony, but when the pollen is derived from a widely distinct species the rhythm may be completely upset. The pollen may be capable of causing the development of the ovary and ovules, and yet fail to effect fertilisation when the proper time comes. The pollen tubes from a very distinct species may mature too soon or too late. Or they may be too large to effect an entrance into the micropyle of the ovule of the other species. Again, they may sometimes fail to reach the necessary length, or there may be some other incompatibility or obstacle to their proper develop- ment in the new combination. There are good reasons for the belief that in most cases where the ovary develops as the result of pollination without fertilisation being subsequently effected that the difficulty is largely a mechanical one, and one of them is the fact that in many cases a few good seeds are produced. There is also the well-known fact that in the case of Cattleya crossed with Sophronitis, and of Brassavola crossed with Cattleya, the fertile seeds are only found at the apex of the capsule. Again, Cattleya can be crossed with Epidendrum, but the reverse cross fails, and the reason is believed to be that the pollen tubes of Cattleya, and similar large-flowered Orchids, are too large to enter the micropyle of the ovule.

MATURING OF THE CapsuLE.—If the capsules survive the period just mentioned—technically they cannot be called seed-capsules until after the ovules are fertilised—they will probably mature and ripen. The period of maturing varies greatly in different Orchids, and to some extent also under varying conditions, but as this stage approaches it is advisable to watch for the first sign of splitting, otherwise some of the seed may be lost. If the capsule then appears mature it may be cut at once, or tied up securely in a piece of loose tissue paper for a few days, so asto allow the seeds time to mature fully. In practice it is a general custom to tie up the capsule when nearly mature to prevent loss of the seeds before splitting is noticed, also to prevent the seeds from falling and germinating where not wanted.

GATHERING THE SEED.—When the capsule is cut it should be removed to a dry shed, and as soon as ready may be opened, or the seed removed by tapping the capsule gently over a piece of tissue paper. As soon as any seeds fall they should be examined with a good lens to see if they appear perfect. If they appear plump in the centre and diminish considerably towards the pointed ends, they may be considered good, but if they look like hairs or chaff, without any thickening in the middle they are generally bad,

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. _ xxxvii.

that is to say the embryo has not developed. The presence or absence of an embryo can be ascertained with certainty if the lens is sufficiently powerful. In the latter case the chaff may be thrown away at once, but in doing this one should be careful to see that a// the seed is bad, for occasion- ally a few good seeds will be present amongst a multitude of chaff (generally near the apex of the capsule), and these might be easily overlooked. It should be remembered that any good seeds are likely to fall first, so that it is possible to see very quickly whether any good seeds are present, and proceed accordingly. It is useless to sow a lot of chaff, and if that can be left behind so much the better, for one can seldom deal with the whole, so. numerous are the seeds in acapsule. If most of them appear good one need not trouble about separating the chaff. It is scarcely necessary to add that the number on the capsule should be preserved, and that any necessary entry should be made in the record book.

SOWING THE SEED will be the next stage of the process, and this too is best done outside the house, because the minute seeds are so easily blown about by light currents of air, and germinate where not wanted to. In most cases the seed, or some of it, is best sown at once, though if the capsules ripen in late autumn or winter they may be kept in paper in a dry place until the days begin to lengthen, so that when they begin to germinate circumstances may be favourable to their development. A label should be added containing the number.

WHERE TO Sow.—The old custom was to sow the seed on the parent plant, or on some adjacent one that will not require to be disturbed for some time, and for Cypripedes and terrestrial Orchids generally, also for Odontoglossums this plan is still the best. Care should be taken to choose a plant that will not want potting for some time, and one where the com- post is in a healthy condition. The plant should be removed to the shed, and the seeds sprinkled thinly over the compost, after which a label should be inserted containing the number of the cross. A light sprinkling with a sprayer should now be given to settle the seeds, after which the plant may be returned to the house. When once the seed has been sown the compost must never be allowed to become dry, or the young embryo will shrivel and

quickly die.

Epipuytic Orcuips.—In the case of certain epiphytic Orchids, par- ticularly those of the Cattleya group, another method of sowing is now generally adopted. Blocks of soft wood (both pine and willow have been recommended) are cut across the grain with a rough saw into thin blocks, which are placed on a layer of crocks in a smallish pot, and the seeds are sown on the rough surface of the wood. The blocks are sunk below the rim of the pot, which is then covered with a piece of glass, and the seeds kept constantly moist, by the use of a sprayer as often as necessary.

xxxviii. HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

Another method is to strain a piece of coarse canvas over a bunch of sphagnum moss, and then squeeze it into a pot, below the rim, then sowing the seeds and covering with glass as before. The germination can now be watched, for there isno compost for the seeds to sink down into and get lost. Once sown the seeds must never be allowed to get dry, but care should be taken not to wash them off in spraying. Of course they must be placed in a suitable temperature, and be shaded from direct sunshine. The pots are often placed in a small frame, where they are less likely to get dry, which would be quickly fatal. The method is unsuitable for Cypripedes and other terrestrial Orchids. Until experience has been gained it is best to sow a few seeds under different conditions, noting the result, and in case of failure, if any seed is left over, a second sowing may be made a few weeks later.

GERMINATION usually commences at once, and under the conditions last mentioned its progress can be followed. The first sign of germination is that the seeds begin to swell and turn green, then they lose the seed coat and gradually become globular. At length a growing point appears, with some root-hairs, and then the first true root begins to push.

PRICKING OFF.—The pricking off of the young seedlings requires to be done with care and discretion, especially if, as sometimes happens, they come up too thickly. A small pan of compost should be prepared, and the tiny globes may be removed with a pointed stick carefully pushed beneath them, care being taken not to injure them. They should be placed in a minute cavity in the new compost, giving a slight spraying to settle them. A similar procedure may be followed when the seeds are sown direct on the compost, but here, if not too crowded, they may be left until rather larger, when they may be handled more easily. Care must always be taken not to damage the roots. After pricking off, the young seedlings are best returned to the case for a time. A sharp watch must be kept for the presence of slugs, or other pests, which would make short work of the young seedlings.

PoTTING on.—When the young seedlings get a little larger they should be potted off into thimble pots, about an inch in diameter. The compost will vary according to the class of Orchid, and should be similar to that required by the parents, but will be required to be chopped fine, and the dust should be removed with a tine sieve. A few finely broken crocks should be placed at the bottom of the pots, and on these a little compost is placed. The plant is then placed in position, and the compost made moderately firm with the fingers, after which a light spraying may be given. The compost should be just moist, not too wet or too dry, and it should be of about the same temperature as the house, being placed there for a day or two before use if necessary. The water used should be rain or soft water, and of the same temperature as the house. After potting the tiny pots may

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. XXXIX.

be bedded in pans or baskets of peat, and placed in a light position in the house, not too far from the glass. Potting on as required is all that now remains to be done, but the seedlings should be encouraged to make vigorous growth, without any attempt to rest them during the winter.

THE FLOWERING PERIOD.—When the seedlings become strong enough the first scape may be expected, and the grower will be able to see the result of his labour. But it will be well to remember that the plants have seldom reached their full development at this period, and the flowers may be expected to improve as the plants become stronger. The quickness with which they flower will depend to some extent upon the way they are grown, and for this reason it is best to keep them moving as much as possible, so as to get them large enough to flower early. We have in a few cases seen great differences between seedlings out of the same capsule when grown under different conditions, and time may be gained by not resting them in the winter while they remain small. Some genera flower much sooner than others, the period varying from about two years, in a few cases, up to five or six years, or occasionally even longer—the date being calculated from the time the seed is sown. Calanthes, Disas, and a few other terres- trial Orchids are among the quickest to flower with a few Epidendrums, there being quite a number of cases on record of seedlings which have flowered under two years old. A few Cypripedes have also flowered very early, but generally speaking they are of slower growth, and the same may be said of Cattleyas and their allies. A few may flower the third year, but more in the fourth and fifth. In every group, however, there appear to be a few precocious individuals, while others seem to lag behind, some of the latter being of weak constitution. The only way of hastening the period of blooming in any group is to get them strong as early as possible by liberal treatment.

SELECTION OF PaRENTS.—Although this is a subject which naturally comes at the very beginning of the work, it is not likely to receive much atten- tion until some progress has been made in raising seedlings. It is a matter on which a great deal might be written, but in many small collections the choice of parents is limited, and most of the popular species that flower at the same time have already been hybridised together, as well as many of the earlier hybrids. And there are many crosses which are not worth making, because the characters of certain species neutralise each other. Generally, plants having strongly opposed characters are not worth crossing. For example a hybrid between the darkest and lightest coloured species in a genus is likely to be of a pale undecided tint, which would justify a remark sometimes made about two species being spoilt. Although one cannot always forsee what the result of a given cross may be, it is generally possible to give a very good guess, especially at the present time, when the result of

xl. HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

so many crosses is known. And it is here that the following pages should be specially useful. The hybridist having certain species in flower, and wishing to know whether they have already been crossed, has only to turn to Part I. of the work, where the crosses which have flowered are recorded, with the name of the resulting hybrid, and if it is there, on referring to Part II. he will find the clue to its history. Of course, crosses not recorded may have been made, but not yet reached the flowering stage. It should be useful in another way, for certain crosses are worth repeating, especially if the best varieties of the parents can be used, and this is particularly the case with rare hybrids, or those that can only be propagated very slowly. A batch of any good hybrid raised from the best varieties of the parents attainable is sure to yield a few good forms, the best of which can be selected and grown on.

Hyprips as ParENTS.—In one respect hybridisation is always likely to remain progressive, for the best of the hybrids can be crossed together, or re-crossed with the original parents, with the object of emphasising desirable qualities or of developing new breaks of colour, and if such further crossing is done with definite objects in view, and the worst forms constantly weeded out, progress is sure to result. One cannot expect more than a certain percentage of superior forms, and the worst should be discarded after being proved. In this work the great variability of secondary hybrids will usually afford plenty of scope for selection. Much has been accomplished already, and the rate of progress is likely to be accelerated in the future.

It nowremains to say something about the individual genera and their peculiarities.

THE CyYPRIPEDIUM GROUP first claims our attention, for its hybrids far outnumber any other, and this is largely due to the ease and certainty with which the seedlings can be raised. Though generally known as Cypri- pedium in gardens, they really belong to Paphiopedilum, for Cypripedium proper comprises the hardy deciduous species, of which no hybrids have been raised artificially, though wild ones are known. The plants known as Selenipedium in gardens also belong to another genus, Phragmopedilum, for Selenipedium proper comprises three tall reed-like plants which are not cultivation.

PAPHIOPEDILUM seedlings are very easily raised. Having obtained capsule of seed, one has only to scatter it over the compost of some plant that will not require potting for some considerable time, keep the compost moist, and await the appearance of the seedlings, which, if the seeds are good and the treatment right, is generally only a matter of time. In the latter respect they are rather erratic, sometimes appearing very quickly, and at others not until the lapse of several months, or even more. The late Mr. Reginald Young has recorded the appearance of seedlings as long as two

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. xhi.

years after the seed was sown, and in the case of P. Xx Quirinus a single seedling appeared nine months after the seed was sown, and then three or four others just three years later. This, however, is quite exceptional, and is only mentioned to show that a cross need not necessarily be written off as a failure because the seedlings do not appear almost immediately. After sowing the seeds one naturally watches their progress through a good lens, but some of the seeds sink into cavities in the compost or get covered over, and are lost sight of until the point of a tiny leaf emerges from the compost. It is useless to sow the seeds of these and other terrestrial Orchids on blocks of wood. When the young seedlings are large enough to handle they may be pricked off, as already described. The capsules generally take from nine to fifteen months to ripen, and the seedlings will generally begin to flower when about three years old—in exceptional cases a little earlier—but more during the next two years. A good deal depends on the way they are grown, but some mature much more quickly than others.

PHRAGMOPEDILUM capsules ripen much more quickly than those of the preceding genus, and are unique among cultivated Orchids. in being three- celled. The seedlings, however, require similar treatment and reach the flowering stage at about the same age.

CALANTHE capsules ripen in about three to five months, and some of the seedlings begin to flower when two to three years old. The deciduous species of the C. vestita group are the most popular subjects, but a few of the evergreen species have also been crossed, and in one case the deciduous and evergreen sections have been united. Calanthe has also been crossed with Phaius grandifolius and its allies, yielding the generic hybrids known as Phaiocalanthe. Calantheseedlings require careful handling when small, but are easily grown and succeed under ordinary treatment.

Pualus is a near ally of Calanthe, and the seedlings are equally easy to raise, and also flower comparatively early. The hybrids between P. simulans and the species of the P. grandifolius group are very beautiful and floriferous, and a similar remark applies to those between the latter and P. Humblotii. P. x Cooksoni, the first of the series, flowered within the short period of two years and a quarter from the time seed was sown, and the seedlings generally are easily grown and flower at a very early period, They require warm house treatment, and are highly decorative. The yellow P. maculatus has also yielded several beautiful hybrids when combined with the species of the P. grandifolius group.

SPATHOGLOTTIS is another genus of terrestrial Orchids which is very easily manipulated, and the seedlings flower very quickly. S. x kewensis flowered within eighteen months after the seed was sown, and other

sli, HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

seedlings have flowered very quickly. The genus contains several beautiful hybrids, and is worthy of more attention.

Disas.—Hypbrids between Disa grandifolia and a few allied species are also very easily raised, and flower very quickly. D. x Veitchii, the first of the series, flowered when only twenty-one months old, and D. X kewensis, which came next, only eighteen months after the seed was sown. They are easily grown under suitable treatment, but sometimes do not succeed in the Orchid house, requiring rather a position in a cool frame.

CyNnorcuis.—Only one Cynorchis is known, namely C. x kewensis, derived from C. Lowiana and C. purpurascens, but it almost holds the record for quickness of flowering, for the seedlings are said to have flowered within about two years from the date when the cross was made. Seedlings of this genus are of the easiest possible culture, and anyone having a warm house and requiring an easy subject to commence with, could not find a better one. It may be mentioned, as showing the ease with which seedlings of this genus are raised, that a plant of C. fastigiata in the Clare Lawn collection produced a capsule (possibly fertilised by some insect), which was allowed to mature, and afterwards the seedlings came up all over the place, and were pulled up like weeds.

ZYGOPETALUM, LycasTEe, Cuysis and other soft-leaved Orchids are easily raised, but the capsules do not mature so quickly, nor the seedlings flower so early as the genera previously mentioned. The first-named has been crossed with several other genera, but the seedlings in many cases have resembled the mother almost entirely, so that the attempt to reverse the crosses might be made. With Colax, however, true hybrids have resulted.

MASDEVALLIA capsules mature rather quickly, but the seedlings do not flower so early as some of the soft-leaved genera previously mentioned. Several beautiful hybrids have been raised, but the genus has been rather neglected of late.

CYMBIDIUMS are very easily raised, but take longer to mature, and the seedlings are sometimes rather erratic in making their appearance. There is a case on record of a batch of seeds obtained by crossing C. Lowianum and C. eburneum, and sown on the compost of the parent plant, which continued to germinate for years, so that some of them had reached the flowering stage while others were still tiny seedlings. Hybrid Cymbidiums contain some highly decorative plants, and there is plenty of scope for further development.

CaTTLEYA may be regarded as typical of a group of allied genera of epiphytic Orchids, which succeed best under the special treatment described on p. xxxvil., though the old system of sowing on the compost of the

parent plants, or on that of young growing seedlings, may also be followed.

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. _ xliit.

When sown on canvas or blocks of wood the germination may be watched from the very commencement, and the processis most interesting. Shortly after sowing the seed begins to swell, and gradually acquires a greenish tinge. Next the testa ruptures, and the minute embryo gradually assumes a globular form, and steadily increases in size. Then some minute root- hairs appear, and a growing point is seen at the apex of the young seedling, from which a minute leaf begins to push. Soon afterwards the first true root appears, after which, with ordinary care, the seedlings may be considered safe, and will gradually develop until the flowering stage is reached. The most critical period seems to be what is termed the thalloid stage, for the seeds will sometimes swell and assume a greenish tinge, and then make no further progress, finally shrivelling up and disappearing, for no apparent reason. The researches of M. Noel Bernard seem to show that the cause of this is the absence of certain microscopic fungi which live in the plant, a point we may go into presently. When sown on blocks of wood or canvas the tiny globules sometimes almost cover the surface, and some of them should be pricked off before they choke each other, and in any case this should be done as soon as the first true root begins to push, so that a supply of food is at once available. Thin sowing should be practiced, even if some of the seeds have to be left unused. Cattleyas usually flower from four to six years old, though some mature earlier under favourable treat- ment, and others, especially among the earlier hybrids, have taken much longer to bloom. The tendency is to shorten the period by growing the seedlings on rapidly. The species of Cattleya which have been intercrossed are very numerous, as may be seen by the following pages, but other combinations are possible, and the utilisation of the hybrids themselves as parents offers endless possibilities for the future. Cattleya has also been united with Lelia, Brassavola, Epidendrum, Sophronitis, Diacrium and Schomburgkia, and there is still plenty of scope for further experiments.

L# 14 may be bracketed with Cattleya as regards treatment, and the remark applies to the allied genera, which cross with each other very freely.

SoPHRONITIS GRANDIFLORA crosses freely with Cattleya and Leelia, but the seedlings are rather delicate, and grow very slowly. The Sophronitis is generally used as the seed-bearer, and the pollen masses of the larger parent have to be cut, being too large for the stigma.

EpmIpENDRUM flowers are rather difficult to manipulate, owing to their small size, and to the fact that the lip is united to the column, but the seedlings are among the easiest to raise, and they begin to flower in the second or third year. The capsules mature very quickly, and no easier subject could be found for a beginner.

DENDROBIUM seedlings are not difficult to raise, and begin to flower when three or four years old. The popular D. nobile has been crossed with many

xliv. HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

of the allied species, and some of these with each other, but there is plenty of scope for further experiments, especially in the way of securing greater variety among the hybrids.

OpontocrossuM.—For a long period the genus Odontoglossum furnished the apparent paradox that although natural hybrids were common all attempts to raise them artificially resulted in failure. Atlength, in 1890, one seedling flowered in the collection of Baron Edmond de Rothschild, at Armainvilliers, near Paris, and a year later a second with Messrs. Veitch. A few other single examples followed, and then M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, Ghent, took the genus in hand, and his remarkable success is now known to every hybridist. At the present time they are being raised in numerous collections, with great success. It is probable that the early experiments were conducted on wrong lines, for the seedlings are not difficult to raise where Odontoglossums are well grown, only requiring a little additional care while very small. A slight increase in the amount of heat, shade and moisture seems to be the most important cultural modification to aim at. The seeds should be scattered over the surface of the compost of an established plant, and kept constantly moist and shaded from direct sunlight, when the seeds will soon assume a greenish tinge, and pass through the ordinary stages of germination. It is best to sow seeds on several plants in different positions, and if seedlings do not result some error in treatment may be suspected. When the tiny seedlings are pricked off, the protection of a small hand light is useful until they become well established. A point to remember is that the minute seedlings are very delicate in their earlier stages, and liable to be ruined bya few hours neglect, which would have no effect on older plants. On the opposite page is given a photographic illustration of a group of 600 seedlings raised in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. W. Stevens. The suspended pots contain the tiny seedlings, potted in thimble pots and plunged in moss, while the larger ones stand on the stage beneath, one of them (in the back row on the right) being in flower, so that plants in every stage are represented. As regards their culture Mr. Stevens remarks :—

‘“‘T find that seeds germinate pretty freely almost anywhere in a cool house, on pots with other plants, or on calico or flannel placed in pots stuffed tight with moss, but as soon as they have formed a little corm they want to be moved on to pots of moss, and hung up near the light. During winter they require all the light they can get, but as the sun gets more power they require plenty ofcare and watching, so as not to over-water or shrivel themup. When large enough I single them out into finger pots, and plunge them in larger pots filled with moss, so as to keep them in an equable condition as regards moisture, and when they begin to root they may

HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS. xlv.

be considered safe, always with the exception of insect pests. Thrips will soon make work with the tiny plants, and must be kept down, but I consider the greatest pest of all is a small black midge, which lays its eggs in the compost, and the grub when hatched out feeds on all it can find in the

GROUP OF SEEDLING ODONTOGLOSSUMS AT WALTON GRANGE.

pots.” For other details we must refer the reader to the original article (Orch. Rev. 1903, pp. 41-43, fig. 10).

Odontoglossum has also been united with the allied genera, Cochlioda and Miltonia, yielding the hybrids known under the names of Odontioda

xlvii HYBRIDISING AND RAISING ORCHID SEEDLINGS.

and Odontonia, the former including some of the most brilliant hybrids that have yet appeared. An enormous number of seedlings are now in existence, and some striking developments may be anticipated. In using Cochlioda as the seed parent it should be remembered that the genus possesses two lateral stigmas. The seedlings should be treated like Odontoglossums.

PHALENOPSIS.—Several beautiful Phalaenopsis hybrids have been raised, but they grow slowly, and require a good deal of care. The capsules mature early, and the seeds should be sown on the compost of the parent plants, and the seedlings, when large enough, should be carefully pricked off and placed in the best position in the house, after which, with proper care, they will gradually progress till the flowering stage isreached. The behaviour of the flowers after fertilisation is curious. The sepals and petals do not fade, but gradually lose their original colour, becoming green, and doubtless act like leaves in assimilating food for the benefit of the maturing capsule. Vanda is an allied genus of which two hybrids have been raised, and the seedlings should receive similar treatment to Phalenopsis.

SEEDLING ORCHIDS AND Funci1.—The question of fungus co-operation in Orchid roots is interesting. By a series of experiments M. Noel Bernard has ascertained that the presence of certain microscopic fungi is indispensable for the germination of Orchid seeds. He has always found these fungi on the seedlings sent to him, as well as in those collected in their native homes; also that when the seeds are sown in sterilised tubes germination cannot progress beyond a certain stage. But ifthe fungi are then added growth proceeds, and he comes to the conclusion that these fungi elaborate a supply of food which the young seedlings are not able to obtain for themselves. How far this information can be utilised by Orchid growers is not quite clear, for these fungi are present wherever the parent plants are grown, and so the seedlings may be left to take care of themselves. A photograph of M. Bernard’s cultures, with details, may be found in the Orchid Review (1906, pp. 201, 203).

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS.—It may be added, in conclusion, that Orchid seedlings, whatever the genus, require the same treatment as their parents, and where the latter are well grown, no difficulty should be experienced. A little additional care is necessary during their infantile stages, because from their minute size a few hours neglect may injure them beyond all hope of recovery, while the effect upon older plants might scarcely be noticed. For the same reason special attention should be paid by the grower to cleanliness, and to the keeping down of insect pests. In a wild state seedlings receive no special attention, but the conditions are suitable for old and young alike, and the plants pass through their different stages accord- ingly. If similar conditions can be secured at home the grower may embark on this most fascinating phase of Orchid culture with confidence.

LIST OF PRINCIPAL WORKS CiTED.

Amer. Flor. Amer. G. Amer. G.C. B.M.

Bohnh. Dict. O. Hyb.

Boyle Woodl. O. Bull Cat. . ‘ Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ort.

Charlesw. Cat. Chron. O. : Day. O. Draw. Desb. Cyp.

Dict. Ic. O.

Die Gart.

Flora and Sylva. Fl. d. Ser.

Fl. Exch.

Fl. M.

Fl. and Pom. Gard.

G. Alb.

Gard. & For.

GG;

G.M.

G. World.

Gtfl.

Gartenz. . : ‘ Godefr. & Br. Cyp.

Hans. O. Hyb. Ti. FL.

Jard.

Jenn. O. .

American Florist.

American Gardening.

Gardeners’ Chronicle of America.

Botanical Magazine.

Bohnhof, Dictionnaire des Orchidées Hybrides.

Boyle, Woodlands Orchids.

Wm. Bull & Sons’ Catalogue.

Bulletino della R. Societa Toscano di Orticultura.

Charlesworth & Co.’s Catalogue.

Chronique Orchidéenne.

Day, Orchid Drawings (at Kew).

Desbois, Monographie des Cypripedium, Selenipedium et Uropedium.

Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidées.

Die Gartenwelt.

Flore des Serres.

Florist’s Exchange.

Floral Magazine.

Florist and Pomologist.

Garden.

Garden Album.

Garden and Forest.

Gardeners’ Chronicle.

Gardeners’ Magazine.

Gardening World.

Gartenflora.

Wittmack, Garten-Zeitung.

Godefroy-Lebeuf and N. E. Brown, Les Cypripedées.

Hansen, The Orchid Hybrids.

Illustration Horticole.

Le Jardin.

Jennings, Orchids and how to grow them in India.

xlvil.

xviii LIST OF PRINCIPAL WORKS CITED.

3,

Be aN

jJ.S. H. Rhone.

Kerch. Liv. d’O.

Kew Bull. :

Lind. ; : . fonit. H.

Nich. Dict.

O.A.

O.R. ‘

Orchidoph.

Proc. H.S.

Puydt. O. ‘ : :

Pucci Cyp. : : ‘i

Reichenb. ‘

Rep. Miss. Bot. G.

Rep. R.H.S. Conf. con

Rev. H. ; Rev. H. Belge. R. H. Meas. Cyp.

R. I. Meas. Cyp.

Sand. Cat.

Sand. O. Guide.

Sem. Hort.

Stein. O. : : Thompson Sale Cat.

V. Man. O.

Warn. Sel. O. . F Wien. Ill.G. Zeit. . : Will. O. Gr. Man. Wochenschr.

Journal des Orchidées.

Journal of Horticulture.

Journal of the Linnean Society.

Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society.

Journal de la Société Nationale d’Horti- culture de France.

(This work we have not seen.)

Kerchove, Livre des Orchidées.

Kew Bulletin.

Lindenia.

Moniteur Horticole.

Nicholson’s Dictionary of Gardening.

Orchid Album.

Orchid Review.

L’Orchidophile.

Proceedings of the Horticultural Society.

Puydt, Les Orchidées.

Pucci, Cypripedium.

Reichenbachia.

Report ofthe Missouri Botanic Garden.

Report of the Royal Horticultural Society’s Conference on Genetics.

kkevue Horticole.

Revue d’Horticulture Belge et Etrangére.

R. H. Measures, Collection of Cypri- pediums at The Woodlands, Streat- ham.

R. I. Measures, List of Cypripediums in the collection of Mr. R. I. Measures, Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell.

Sander & Co.’s Catalogue.

Sander’s Orchid Guide.

Semaine Horticole.

Stein, Orchideenbuch.

Thompson’s Sale Catalogue.

Veitch’s Manual of Orchidaceous Plants.

Warner’s Select Orchidaceous Plants.

Wiener Illustrirte Garten-Zeitung.

Williams’ Orchid Growers’ Manual.

Koch und Fintelmann, Wochenschrift fur Gartnerei und Pflanzenkunde.

The Orchid Stud-Book.

Pa Ie

been intercrossed, with the names of the resulting hybrids.

N LPHABETIGAL enumeration of species and hybrids which have

The

name of the first parent is given in heavy type in the centre of the column, the second parent on the left, with the resulting hybrid opposite. The parents are arranged in alphabetical sequence throughout.

The detailed information respecting the hybrids is given in Part II. of

‘the work.

1. AERIDES. 1. A. affine.

A. Fieldingii. A. x hybridum. 2. A. Fieldingii.

A. affine. A. x hybridum.

2. AGANISIA. 1. A. lepida.

Zygopetalum Zygonisia maxillare. Rolfeana.

3. ANGRACUM. 1. A. sesquipedale.

.A, superbum. A. x Veitchit.

2. A. superbum. A. sesquipedale. A. < Veitchil.

4. ANGULOA.

1. A. Clowesii. A. Ruckeri. A. x media.

2. A. Ruckeri. A. Clowesii. A. x media. -A. uniflora. A. x Madouxiana.

3. A. uniflora.

. Ruckeri. A. x Madouxiana.

5. ANCGCTOCHILUS. 1. A. Roxburghii.

Heemaria discolor. Ancectomaria x Dominyt,

¥

|

6.

BATEMANNIA.

1. B. Colleyi.

Zygopetalum Zygobatemannia x crinitum. Mastersil. 7. BRASSAYOLA.

1. B. Digbyana.

Cattleya Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana.

. Hardyana. . labiata.

. Mendelii.

. Mossize.

. quadricolor.

. Schroederee.

. Triane.

. Warneri.

. Warscewiczil. Lelia cinnabarina.

Q02N0 AcCAN|MN0O0

L. crispa.

1 L. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

Leeliocattleya Aphrodite.

L.-c. x elegans.

Brassocattleya Leemanniz. B.-c. x Pocahontas. B.-c. x Thornton. B -c. x heatonensis. B.-c. x Fournier. B.-c. x Maroni. B.-c. x Veitcbii. B.-c. x Chamber- lainze. B.-c. x langleyensis. B.-c. x Sedenit. B.-c. x Mariz. B.-c. x Marone. Brassolelia Gratrixiz. B.-l. x Rolfe. B.-I. « Veitchit. B.-l. x Helen. Brassocatlelia x Wiganii. B.-c.-l. x Mackayi.

2. B. fragrans,

Cattleya inter- media. C. Mossize.

Brassocattleya x nivalis, B.-c. x striata.

[Part I..

THLE Be eneod STUD-BOOK. (continued). i Calanthe Regnieri—(conlinued). | C. « Veitch. C. x Winnil. C. veratrifolia. Cc. « Elwes.

| C. vestita. C. x Darblayana, | Phaius srandifolius. Phaiocalanthe

Brassavola—

3. B. glauca.

C. Leopoldi. B.-c. C. Lueddemanniana. B.-c.

conspicua. x Milton.

C. Schroedere. B.-c. x Sanderi. Avnoldce: C Triana. Bucs X rose 9.6 Leelia cinnabarina. Brassol:elia x Clio. Jes LOS ORs L. harpophylla. B.-L. x Beutel | C. x Darblayana. C. x splendens. vi _C. Regnieri. C. x Aurora. 4. B. Perrinii. | C. x Veitchit. C. x Victoria- Cattleya Leopoldi. Brassocattleya x Regina. belairensis. | C. vestita, C. x Veitchii. 8. BRASSOCATTLEYA. | 10. G. x sing ; C. x Darblayana. . atrorubens. 1. Bc. « Lindleyana (nat. Bygius Wallichii. | Phaiocalanthe hyb.). Ruby, Lieliocattleya Brassocatlelia x £. Oe Baeaaten: elegans. Lawrencet. 9. CALANTHE. 1. ©. x bella. C. x Veitchii. C. » Florence. 2. C. Darblayana. C. rosea. C. « splendens. C. x Ruby. C. « atrorubens.

Phaius grandifolius. Phaiocalanthe x grandis.

3. 0. furcata.

C. Masuca. C. x Dominyi. < gigas. Phatus grandifolius. Phatocalanthe x Niobe. P. Wallichit. P.-c. «< Schroeder- iana. 5. C. grandiflora. C. Regnieri. C. & gigas. 6. C. labrosa. C. x Veitchii. C, x lentiginosa. C. vestita. C. & porphyrea. 7. C. Masuca. C. furcata. C. x Dominyi. C. tricarinata. C. x Harryana. C. veratrifolia. C. * Rollissoni. Phaius grandifolius. Phaiocalanthe

inspirata. P.-c. x Berryana.

8. C. Regnieri.

C. & gigas, C. « Aurora,

P. Humbloti.

C. grandiflora. C. rosea.

GC,

poems

le, s

veratrifolia. C. & Laticheana. 12. C. «< Sedenii. C. veratrifolia GC. X albata. C. vestita. C. « Ruby. 13. ©. tricarinata. C. Masuca. C. x Harryana. 14. C. Turneri. C. & Veitchil. C. x bella. C. vestita. C. x Barberiana. 15. ©. « WVeitchii. C. & bella. C. x Florence. C. labrosa. C. x lentiginosa. C. Regnieri. C. x Winnii. C. rosea. C. & Victoria- Regina. C. Turnert. C. x bella. C. vestita. C. « Sedenit. Phaius grandifolius. Phaiocalanthe >» Sedeniana. P. Wallichit. P.-c. x Brandtizx.. 16. C. veratrifolia. C. Masuca. C. « Rollissoni. C. Regnieri. C. x Elwesil. C. Sanderiana. C. « Laucheana. C. x Sedenii. C. x albata.

. labrosa.

. Regnieri.

. rosea.

x Sedenii. | C. Turneri.

x Veitchii.

17. C. vestita.

porphyrea. Darblayana.. Veitchil. Ruby. Barberiana. Sedenii.

C. >

| Phaius grandifolius. Phaiocalanthe

irrorata.

Part 1.]

THE

10. CATTLEYA. 1. C. Aclandia.

. bicolor.

. Dowitana.

. Forbesii.

- granulosa. intermedia. labiata. Loddigesii. maxima.

. Mendelit. Mossize.

. Schilleriana.

- Schreederze.

- Superba.

. Triane.

. Warscewiczil. Leelia cinnabarina.

helsieleieloleielelelele. pie:

L. pumila.

L. purpurata.

L. superbiens.

L. tenebrosa.

Leliocattleya x elegans.

Sophronitis grandt- flora.

Fascelis.

x Clementine.

x quinquecolor. Bleut.

x ealummata. Eurydice. Brabantie. Roosevelticx.

x Niobe.

< Apollo.

x peckaviensis. * Saint-Benoit. Selfridget.

x Lottie. Fernandi.

eliocattleya x

Adolphus. L.-c. x Dalle- magnel. L.-c. Emilia. L.-c. Humberti. L.-c. x Remula. L.-c Philbrick- jana. Sophrocattleya x Hardyana.

2. C. amethystoglossa.

C. granulosa.

C. intermedia.

C. Lueddeman- niana.

C. Trianz.

Epidendrum x O’Brienianum.

Lelia cinnabarina.

L. harpophylla.

C. x granuglossa. C. interglossa.

C. &« Thorntoni.

C. x Miranda.

Epicattleya Orpetii.

Leeliocattleya x Marica.

L.-c. x Ghislaine.

3. C. aurantiaca.

Q

. intermedia.

C.

~ aurantimedia.

4. ©. bicolor.

. Aclandiz.

. Bowringiana. Dowiana.

. labiata.

. Leopoldi.

. Lueddeman-

olelolorele

C. Triane.

C. velutina.

C. Warscewiczii. Leelia crispa.

% Fascelis.

» Chesnelliana. x Iris.

x Clarkiz.

. < Mahlere.

x Geleniana.

oxekelelelo

x Tankervillee. x Pandora.

x Frasquita.

. * Ella. Leliocattleya Terentia.

clelere

——

SIelereMee Sig elelolere elelerels)

| Ey | Ee.

ORCHID STUD-BOOK.,.

Cattleya bicolor

L. Dayana.

L. harpophylla.

L. pumila.

L. tenebrosa.

L. xanthina.

Lehocattleya elegans.

L.-e. x Schilleriana.

3 (contiiued).

Peer Hamiltont. eee leucasta. Race: Binott. | iSearey La-France. L.-c. \ elsteadensis. Lise. Gazelle. | eres Andreana.

5. C. Bowringiana.

. bicolor.

. Dormaniana.

- Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana. Hardyana.

x Hartisit.

. Harrisoniana.

. labiata.

. Leopoldi.

. Loddigesit.

. Maxima.

. superba.

. Triane.

. velutina.

. Warnert.

. Warscewiczil.

Epidendrum O’Brienitanum. radiatum, radicans. Lelia albida.

. anceps.

. autumnalis.

. Dayana.

. pumila.

. tenebrosa.

Leeliocattleya Clive.

L.-c. x Dominiana.

L.-c. « elegans.

L.-c. x Ingramit.

L.-c. x Leeana.

Sophronitis grandt-

flora.

as ioe cat a

6. C. DK hyb.). C. labiata. Lelia tenebrosa.

Leliocattleya « elegans.

Brymeriana

Chesnelliana. Firefly. Mantinit. Rothwellice. Ariel. Whiteleye. Fabiola. Brownie. Portia. Bactia. Minerva. Chloris. Charles: worthil.

ele ele elelplclelerelely

C. Barbara.

Gs Clytie.

CG: Chapmanii.

GC: Wend- landiana.

Epicattleya O'Brieniz. E.-c. « Sedenii. E.-c. *% matutina. Leeliocattleya x Bowrtalbida.

L.-c. Wrigley. pe; belairensis. L.-c. * Meteor. L.-c. x Parysatis. L.-c. « Irene. L.-c. decora. Le. X hone, L.-c. « Tiresias. L.-c. ~ Robsone. L.-c. « Hera.

Sophrocattleya x eximia.

(nat.

C. x Viceroy.

Leeliocattleya x Milleri.

L..c. % princeps-

4 THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

Cattleya—(continuerd).

7. C. x calummata. Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocattleya x flora. Nydia. 8. C. citrina. C. intermedia. C. « lamberhurst- |

ensis.

Leliocattleya x elegans. 9. C. Epidendrum O’Brienianum.

10. C. dolosa.

C. labiata. C. x rubescens.

C. Triane. C. « Marianne.

Lelia Boothiana. Lieliocattleya x Praeti.

L. Dayana. L.-c. «x Maynardi.

L. purpurata.

Leeliocattleya x Seraph.

x Claesiana.

Epicattleya Nebo.

L.-c. & radiata.

11. C. Dormaniana.

C. Bowringiana. Cy C. Dowiana. Ce C. luteola. CX

Lelia xanthina.

< Firefly.

Doinit. Arthuriana.

Leeliocattleya x

Sandere.

Leeliocattleya Schilleriana.

¢ Brassavola

Digbyana. Leemannie. C. Aclandize. C. « Clementine. @C. bicolor. C. % Iris. °C. Bowringiana. C. «x Mantinii. C. Dormaniana. C. < Doinii. . C. Eldorado. C. x Ingrame. - C. Forbes. C. « fulvescens. °C. Gaskelliana. Cc. « Roths- childiana. -C. granulosa. C. x Pittiana. °C. Harrisoniana. C. x Pittize. eC. labiata. C. x Fabia. » C. Leopoldi. C. x Chamber- lainiana. e C. Lueddeman- C. « Kienastiana. niana. » C. luteola. C. « Aurora. * C. maxima. C. x vestalis. e C. Mendelii. C. « Octavia. *C. Mossiz. C. x Frederickiz. Cc. « Patrocinii. C. x Saint-Gilles. C. Percivaliana. C. x Leda. C. Schilleriana. C. x Wiganii. C. Schreederz. C. « Zephyra. 2 C. Trianz. C. x Raphaele.

L.-c. x clapton- ensis.

12. C. Dowiana.

Brassocattleya x

po Ng

(Part I,

Cattleya Dowiana—(continued).

* C. velutina.

€C. Warner. C)

C. Warscewiczil. Lelia citnnabarina.

+ L. crispa.

. Dayana.

. x Euterpe. x Gravesiz. Perrini.

. pumila.

- purpurata.

. tenebrosa.

2

Se Prrerer

. xanthina. Leeliocattleya x callistoglossa. t L.-c. x elegans. | L.-c. « Schiller-

| jana.

\¢

_

C. « Maroni. Cc. x Comet. C. x Hardyana. Leliocattleya x Charlesworthii. L.-c. x Pallas. x Ingrami. Astrea. x Clytie. c. x Decia. -c. X Clive. c. < Dominiana. x Truffaut- jana. L.-c. x Ophir. L.-c. * Colman- tana. L.-c. * Fournierz. L.-c. x Lucilia.

ra

13. C. Eldorado.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

. Bowringiana.

. Dowiana.

. Gaskelliana. labiata.

. Leopoldi.

. Warscewiczil. Leelia crispa.

| | | | qd |

olerolerere)

Lelia purpurata.

Brassavola Digby- ana. C. Bowringiana. * C. Dowiana.

Brassocattleya x Pocahontas. Rothwelliz. Ingrame.

Nymph. Marone. Mitchellii. . < Marriottiz. Leeliocattleya x Pisandra.

C;

x

Geox Cox Ce & Cex Cc

L. harpophylla. L.-c. x Maroni.

L. xanthina. L.-c. * odorata. 14. C. elongata.

*C, labiata. C. <x Rembrandt. 15. C. Forbesii.

C. Aclandiz. C. & quinquecolor.

C. Dowiana. C. x fulvescens.

C. Gaskelliana. C. « Winniana.

C. intermedia. C. x Isabella.

C. Mendelii. C. x Melpomene.

C. Mossiz. C. x Heloisiz.

C. superba. C. x superforbesii.

C. velutina. C. « Juno.

Leeliocattleya x Regine.

16. C. Gaskelliana.

Brassocattleya x Thorntoni.

C. x Ariel.

C. x Rothschild- lana.

.

-

re rr & Pomonncochonnonse

Part 1.)

Cattleya Gaskelliana—(cor. tinued).

- Eldorado.

- Forbesii.

Harrisoniana.

. Leopoldi.

. Loddigesii.

-Lueddemanniana.

maxima.

. Rex.

. Schilleriana.

superba.

C. Warscewiczii.

Epidendrum costaricense.

Leelia anceps.

L. Boothiana.

elelleselerg ie ere

. crispa.

. Dayana.

. Perrinii.

- purpurata.

. tenebrosa.

. xanthina. Leeliocattleya x elegans.

ree

L.-c. x Proserpine.

C. x Nymph.

: Winniana. Williamsize. Doris. Greavesix. Cybele. Milleri. Pearl.

C

SM KR OA

. X mollis.

. X Harold.

picattleya Liliane.

-c. X novissima,.

wliocattleya x Ethelwald.

c. x Bryan.

c. X Eunomia.

c

UleTolelelolelelele

i

“Cs. OX x Eva.

< Astore. < Herga.

PREP errr

L.-c. x Tyro.

17. C. granulosa.

. Aclandiz.

. amethystoglossa. . Dowiana.

. < Hardyana.

. Harrisoniana.

. labiata.

- Leopoldi.

. Mendelii.

. Mossiz.

. Rex.

. Schilleriana.

. superba. velutina.

. Walkeriana. Warscewiczil. celia cinnabarina.

. crispa.

. Dayana. . purpurata.

. tenebrosa.

. xanthina.

Leeliocattleya Schilleriana.

. x Bleut. granuglossa. Pittiana. Germania. Gratrixie. Imperator. Titus.

KKK KX

Sf aN

- x

x

< resplendens,

Nephthys.

Greye.

Leucothoe.

: Wavriniana.

Leeliocattleya x Millere.

L.-c. x Mylam- jana,

L.-c. x Galatea.

L.-c. * burba- gensis.

L.c. ~ Magne.

> Robinii.

x Noel.

lMEoNpAANASONO

XxX X

18. C. guttata. C. Loddigesil.

C.. X%

hybrida.

x Goossensiana.

. X Semiramis. Roeblingii.

weedoniensis. . x Dallemagnee. «< Shakespeare.

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

Cattleya—(continucd),

| 19. C. x Hardyana.

Brassavola Digby- ana. C. Bowringiana. »C. granulosa. « C. labiata. C. Leopoldi. | C. Mendelii.

Leelia cinnabarina.

L. pumila.

| L. tenebrosa. Leeliocattleya x | albanensis.

| L.-c. x elegans. ' Li-c. x Schilleri- | ana.

Brassocattleya x heatonensis.

C. x Whiteleyz. C. « Germania. C. x Peetersti. C. « Fowler. C. « Roehrsiana.

Leeliocattleya x Edwardi.

L.-c. rubens.

L.-c. < Haroldiana.

L.-c. x dellensis.

L.-c. & Chantinil. L.-c. x Green- woodii.

20. C. x Harrisii.

C. Bowringiana.

C. « Fabiola.

21. C. Harrisoniana.

. Bowringiana. . Dowiana.

. Gaskelliana. . granulosa.

. Leopoldi. ¢C. Mossize.

BOOOO

! C. Schilleriana.

| Lelia cinnabarina.

L. Dayana.

L. harpophylla. L. pumila.

L. purpurata.

» L. tenebrosa.

flora.

Sophronitis grandi-

Brownize. Pittice. Williamsiz. Gratrixiz. Lucianiana. highbur- iensis. C. x Daphne. Leliocattleya x

elelelelelo ) a a ae ae 4

Gladys. i L.-c. < Groganti. L.-c. x Luna. L.-c. * confusa L.-c. & Whitinize. L.-c. x Crans-

tounle.

Sophrocattleya x Chamberlain.

22. C. intermedia.

Brassavola fragrans. C. Aclandiz.

C. amethystoglossa. C. aurantiaca. | C. citrina. | C. Forbesii. C. Leopoldi. | C. Loddigesii. C, Lueddeman- niana. C. maxima.

C. Mendelii.

Brassocattleya x nivalis.

x calummata.

x interglossa.

< aurantimedia.

* lamberhurst-

ensis.

< Isabella.

intricata.

x Claesiana.

x Claridiana.

clelelommelelelo 4

Dominiana. < suavior.

ee se

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

Cattleya intermedia—(continucd).

C. Mossi. . Percivaliana. - Schilleriana. . Schroederze. . Skinner. . Superba.

OG Oe

C. Triane. Lelia cinnabarina.

L. flava.

L. grandis. L. purpurata. Leliocattleya x elegans.

L.-c. % Hippolyta.

L.-c x

ana.

Schilleri-

x Mackayi.

. * brunoyensis. . < Bertheauana. x /Thayeriana. » belairensis. * porphyro- phlebia.

C. & Olivia. Lielocattleya x Amelia.

ec. < Fourntert. -c. xX Ella.

vc. X Schilleri- ana.

L.-c. & Cicero.

OM

PAP ISI SLere

Ly ee

-c. x Santiago.

-c. & Zampa.

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocattleya «

flora. 23. C.

€. superba.

24. C. Mossizx.

25> C. Mossize.

2¢

- Brassavola Digby- ana.

. Aclandiz.

. bicolor.

. Bowringiana. < Brymeriana.

dolosa.

- Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. elongata.

granulosa.

x Hardyana.

. Lawrenceana.

. Leopoldi.

. Loddigesii. Mossiz. Lelia anceps.

FEQ SEKEERAAHNNN

L. autumnalis. L. cinnabarina. L. crispa.

L. Dayana.

Batemanniana.

x intricata.

Cc.

C. iricolor.

C. Philo.

“ow

C. « Isabella.

C. x Parthenia.

6. C. labiata.

Brassocattleya x Fourntere.

* Eurydice. *« Clarkize.

x Portia.

* Viceroy.

* rubescens. Fabia. Marone. Rembrandt. Imperator, Peetersii.

. x Mars.

x Victoria- “Revina.

peceecoaonnn

< CEnone.

Licliocattleya x Liptoni.

- * cornuta.

>. x Coronis.

L.c. x Wilsone.

x Burberrya na.

. x Mastersone.

. < Veitchiana.

| b | |

| |

OO w

[es Bs L. I

ey

uehocattleya

rat Or a Oct oC.

[Part I.

Cattleya labiata-—(continned).

. Perrinii. pumila. purpurata. tenebrosa.

x Clive.

-c. % elegans.

* Schilleri- ana.

x exoniensis. < Gottoiana.

x Statteriana. . < Cornelia. . xX bella.

* Lucasiana. . x Cookson.

» x Schulze- ana.

L.-c. x Leonx.

L.-c. x Jeanette.

L.-c. x Scottiana.

27. ©. Lawrenceana.

. labiata.

Lueddeman- niana.

. Mendelit. -. Mossice.

Percivaliana.

- Schilleriana.

. Schroedere.

. Trianze.

. Warscewiczii.

Lelia Boothiana.

ie

bs 1 eed 1s Ls

cinnabarina.

harpophylla. errinit. purpurata. tenebrosa.

Leliocattleya

CLP P1216 1E1®

GOe

ae

elegans.

« Mars. x Preciosa.

Murrayi. Lawre- mossiz. Sedenii. Firebrand. Jussieu. Cecilia. Jupiter. Lieliocattley a x Hilda. L.-c. X highburi- ensis. L.-c. «& Ida. L.-c. & Minerva. L.-c. x Hyeana. L.-c. x Baden- Powellii. L.-c. x Ruby.

x

DG A

QQ OO

Hanus

28. C. Leopoldi.

rassavola Digby- ana. errinii.

. bicolor. . Bowringiana. - Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana.

- granulosa.

- < Hardyana. . Harrisoniana. . intermedia.

. labiata.

. Loddigesii. . Mendelii. . Mossize.

Brassocattleya x conspicua.

B.-c. x belairensis. x Mahlerze. x Bactia.

x Chamber-

lainiana.

<x Mitchellii. x Doris.

. Titus. Fowleri. Lucianiana. x intricata. x Victoria-

Regina.

< Patrocinii. x Harrisii.

x Cyane.

OOO

- xX x

oveletelerers)

200

Part |.

THE

Cattleya Leopoldi—(continued).

. Schrovderre.

. superba. . Triane. . Warscewiczil.

Aiea: -@

+

Lelia cinnabarina.

L. crispa.

L. ipa rylia.

L. pumila

ody, Lehre

Leeliocattleya elegans.

L.-c. x Schilleri- ana.

C. <x Gautherin-

jana.

< Feuillatit.

« Zeo: Atalanta.

eaice attleya Xx

Diogenes.

Cc

CG. G; Li

ec -c. X Osyana. c

=CL OX Issy.

-c. X La-Fres- naie. L.-c. X

ensis.

aurelian-

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocattleya

flora.

Cleopatra.

29. C. Hon igeei

. Aclandix. . Bowringiana. . Gaskelliana. - guttata. . intermedia. . labiata. . Leopoldi. C. Lueddeman- niana. . Maxima. . Mendelii. . Skinner. . superba. . Triane. . Warscewiczil. Lelia crispa.

QA0NA0N000

QANAQANO

L. Dayana.

L. Perrinii.

L. pumila.

L. purpurata.

Leliocattleya elegans.

L.-c. * exoniensis.

L.-c. « fausta. L.-c. « Schilleri- ana.

<x Brabantize. x Minerva. x Greavesix. x hybrida. x Claesiana.

x Patrocinii. x Manglesil.

x olivetensis. x Clarissa. Astreva.

x Breauteana. » Albertiana. >» Minucia. Livliocattleya x Tresederiana.

ie os PONGOR OES

L.-c. « Aurora. Cc. amoena. L.-c. x Leeana. L.-c. x Sallieri. L.-c. * Zenobia. L.-c. * fausta. L.-c. x leucoglossa. L.-c. *~ Behrens-

jana.

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocattleya x

flora.

Calypso.

30. C. Lueddemanniana.

. bicolor.

. Dowiana.

. Gaskelliana.

. intermedia.

. Lawrenceana.

AQQAnR|206

.amethystoglcssa. B

Thorntoni. Geleniana. Kienastiana. Cybele. Claridiana. Preciosa.

olokeletey: x XX X X X

ORES HID

. X devoniensis.

>. X olivetensis.

<x Marstersonx.

STUD- ie,

Cattleya Lueddemanniana—(coui:/.).

1 C. Loddigesit. C. Schilleriana. C. Triance.

C. velutina. Lelia Dayana. | L. Perrinit. L. pumila. L. purpurata. Liehocattleya devoniensis.

' L.-c. X Schilleriana. L.-c

C. x Manglesi. C. & Claudian. C. x Princess. C. x Measuresie. Liehtocattleya Timora. -c. X Hermione. porphyrea. Duvaliana.

I I Pees SK Lise Mardellit.

den

x Ada.

31. C. luteola.

C. Dormaniana.

' C. Dowiana. C. x Parthenia. C. Trianze.

x Arthuriana. « Aurora.

x exquisita. x flavescens.

A000

32. C. Marstersonie.

| Lelia pumila.

Lieliocattleya =

Isis.

33. C. maxima.

Aclandize.

. Bowringiana. . Dowiana.

. Gaskelliana. . intermedia. Loddigesil.

. Skinneri. Leelia crispa.

Sleleleleiere

L. pumila.

L. purpurata.

Leliocattleya elegans.

x Rooseveltia.

x Chloris.

vestalis.

x Miulleri.

x Dominiana.

x olivetensis.

x Eclipse.

Lieliocattleya > x Amesiana.

L.-c. x Measuresil.

L.-c. x Amazone.

L.-c. x Darwin- jana.

mcleleteterere x

34. ©. Mendelii.

~ Brassavola Digby- ana.

. Aclandize.

. Dowiana.

. Porbesit.

. granulosa.

* Hardyana. . intermedia.

. Lawrenceana. . Leopoldi.

. Loddigesii. Rex.

. Warscewiczil.

Lelia cinnabarina.

| L. x Latona. » L. purpurata.

Brassocattleya Maroni.

Niobe. Octavia.

Melpomene.

weedoniensis.

Roehrsiana.

suavior.

x Murray.

Hatrisil.

Clarissa.

oe Halevy.

armain- giilieteasis: Leliocattleya Lucia.

L.-c. x Cora.

L.-c. x Aphrodite.

KOK OK KX

clelsleleleceselelelems x X

:X

gal

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

(Part U..

Cattleya Mendelii— (continued).

L. tenebrosa.

»L. xanthina.

Lieliocattleya Schilleriana.

L.-c. * Acis. L.-c. x Zephyra. L.-c. » Powellii.

35. C. Mossiz.

* Brassavola Digby-

Brassocattleya x Veitchil.

Cattleya — (continued). 37. C. x Parthenia. C. luteola. C. % exquisita. C. Warner. Cc. ~ Wellsiz.

38. C. »~ Patrocinii.

C. Dowiana. Cc. « Saint-Gilles. C. Warscewiczil. C. X mirabilis. | 39. C. Percivaliana.

Cc. Dowiana. Cc. x Leda.

C. intermedia. C. * brunoyensis. C. Lawrenceana. C. X Sedenil.

C. quadricolor. C. * Knightii.

C. Triane. Cc. « Adela.

Leeliocattleya Percibarina.

| Leelia cinnabarina.

L. flava. L.-c. x Ernest. L. Perrinil. L.-c. x Homere. | L. purpurata. L.-c. x Electra. Leeliocattleya * L.-c. x Venus.

elegans.

40. C. quadricolor.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

C. Percivaliana.

Leelia cinnabarina.

Brassocattleya Chamberlain. Cc. x Knightit.

ana. B. fragrans. B.-c. * striata. C. Aclandize. C. x Apollo. °C. Dowiana. Cc. x Frederichkiz. C. Forbesii. Cc. * Heloisiz. C. granulosa. C. x Dallemagnee. C. Harrisoniana. C. x highburiensis. C. intermedia. Cc. x Mackayi. C. iricolor. Cc. x Philo. C. « Isabella. Cc. &% Parthenia. C. labiata. C. « CEnone. C. Lawrenceana. Cc. « Lawre- mossic. C. Leopoldi. C. x Cyane. C. Rex. C. » Faerie- ? Queene. ®C. Schilleriana. C. & Harrisiz. C. superba. Cc. « Gertrude. Cc. Walkeriana. C. « Eros. C. Warneri. C. ~% intertexta. -C. Warscewiezil. C. » Adonis.

L:elia Boothiana.

L. cinnabarina. L. crispa.

L. grandiflora. L. grandis.

L. harpophylla.

L. Perrinit. » L. purpurata.

L. superbiens. « L. tenebrosa. - L. xanthina. Leliocattleya > Amesiana. < elegans. Gottoiana. Hippolyta. L.-c. x Schiller- jana. Schomburgkia tibicinis.

YS

mollis.

L.-c Hippolyta. L.-c. ~ exoniensis. L.-c Juno. L.-c. ~ Hebe. L.-c. x Hodgkin-

sone.

L.-c. x Beraneki.

L.-c. x Canham- lana.

L.-c. » Choletiana.

L.-c. « Norba.

L.-c. ~ Nephelia. L.-c. x Kreenzlinii. L.-c. x Wiganiz. L.-c. * Ceres. L.-c. * Fortuna. Schombocattleya

~ spiralis.

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocattleya x

flora.

Imperatrix.

36. C. « O’Brieniana.

Lieliocattleya > elegans.

Leeliocattleya Herode.

Martinetil.

Leeliocattleya

Leopoldi. 41. ©. Rex. C. bicolor. Cc. «x Tankervillez. C. Gaskelliana. CX Pearl. | C. granulosa. Cc. « Shakespeare. , C. Mendelii. Cc Halevy. C. Mossice. C. x Faerie- | Queene. | C. velutina. C. « Lloydiz. C. Warscewiezii. C. x Clymene. if

Leelia crispa.

| Bievreana. L. tenebrosa. L.-c. x Doinin LL. xanthina. L.-c. « Constance.

42. C. Schilleriana.

| C. Aclandix. C. x peckaviensis.

| C. Dowtana. Cc. x Wiganil.

C. Gaskelliana. C. « Goossensiana. | C. granulosa. C. x resplendens. _C. Harrisoniana. C. x Daphne.

C. intermedia. C. «x Bertheauana. C. Lawrenceana. C. x Firebrand. C. Lueddeman- Cc. « Claudian.

| miana.

| C. Mossice. C. < Harrisiz.

| C. Trianz. Cc. « Elvina.

C. Warneri. C. «x White.

| C. Warseewiezli. C. x Edwardt.

2

Part 1]

THE ORCHID

Cattleya Schilleriana —(continiec?),

Leelia cinnabarina.

L. crispa. L. purpurata. L. tenebrosa.

L. xanthina. Leliocattleya x Schilleriana.

Leeliocattleya Helena.

Lee.- & felix.

L.-c. « Antigone.

| Weer ana.

L.-c. x Gemma.

L.-c. < Morrisit.

43. C. Schroedere.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

. glauca.

. Aclandiz.

. Dowtana.

. intermedia. Lawrenceana. . Leopoldi.

. Trian.

. Warner.

. Warscewiczil. zlia cinnabarina.

. flava.

- grandis.

- purpurata. L. tenebrosa. Leliocattleya Hippolyta.

Brassocattleya x langleyensis.

B.-c. x Sanderi. C. x Saint-Benoit. C. x Zephyra.

C. x Thayeriana.

. X Jussieu.

. x Gautherin-

jana.

C. x Cappel.

C. x Katherine.

C. x Leoni.

Leliocattleya Ballit.

44. C. Skinneri.

C. intermedia.

C. Loddigesit.

C. maxima.

Leelia cinnabarina.

L. flava.

L. purpurata.

L.-c. x Mercia. L.-c. « Bertha. L.-c. * Fascinator. L.-c. « Lycidas. L.-c. x Dora.

C. « belairensis. C. x Astrea.

C. x Eclipse.

Leeliocattleya Dido.

| Pecime 4 ana.

L.-c. X Speran- skyze.

Marriotti-

45, C. superba.

. Aclandiz.

. Bowringiana.

. Forbesi.

. Gaskelliana. . granulosa. . intermedia.

. xX intricata.

. Leopoldi. Loddigesii. Mossiz.

. Warscewiczil.

GCoce. 6560 Go

C. »« Selfridge.

C. x Charles- worthil.

C. ~ superforbesii.

C. x mollis.

Cc. « Nephthys.

C. « porphyro- phlebia.

C. x Burberryana. |

C. * Feuillatii. C. x Breauteana. Cc. ~ Gertrude. Cox Maczenas.

x Massange- |

STUD-BOOR.

9

Cattleya superba—(confinicd).

— Leelia cinnabarina.

L. pumila.

L. tenebrosa.

Livcliocattleya x devoniensis.

ee x Doris.

L.-c. x elegans.

L.-c. X exoniensis.

aCe

Licliocattleya x Sunray.

L.-c. x Wavrinit. L.-c. « Pharos. L.-c. & Sedenit. L.-c. & Vesta. L.-c. « Robsoni. L.-c. < trio- phthalma.

46. C. Triane.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

. glauca.

. Aclandize.

. amethystoglossa. . bicolor.

. Bowringiana. . dolosa.

. Dowitana.

. intermedia. Lawrenceana. . Leopold. Loddigesii.

. Lueddemanni- ana.

. luteola.

. Percivaliana. . Schilleriana.

. Schroeder.

. Warscewiczil. Leelia anceps.

QAQNANQ Anaqnn0n006C00w

L. cinnabarina.

L. crispa.

. flava.

. grandiflora.

. harpophylla.

. Jongheana.

. pumila.

. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

L. xanthina.

Leeliocattleya x bella.

L.-c. x Dominiana.

L.-c. x Sallieri.

L.-c. * Schilleriana.

Sophronitis grandi- flora.

Brassocattleya x Sedenit.

B.-c. x Orpheus.

Cc. x Lottie.

% Miranda.

Pandora.

x Barbara.

* Marianne. +

Raphael.

Olivia.

x Cecilia.

x Zeo.

« Albertiana.

~ Princess.

< flavescens.

» Adela. Elvina.

~ Cappel.

» Ballantiniana.

Leeliocattleya x Boylei.

L.-c. * warnham- ensis.

L.-c. xX massili- ensis. L.-c. « Myra. L.-c. x Eumea. L.-c. x Doris. L.-c. x Schroedere.. L.-c. x Tydea. L.-c. ~& Wellsiana. L.-c. x Mabel. L.-c. x Ascania. L.-c. x Alexandree.- L.-c. * Rosalind. L.-c. x Clemen- tince.

L.-c. x Cybele. Sophrocattleya x Saxa.

47. C. velutina.

C. bicolor.

C. x Frasquita.

| Part 1.

THE ORCHID STUD-BOONK.

Cattleya velutina—(continued), Cattleya Warscewiczii— (continued).

sien my ae) Sse Patiocan . * mirabilis.

C. Bowringiana. C. x Clytie. | an R Piste etna p = Cl cute C. Dowtana. C. « Maroni. | Stee eae oe oa e C. Forbesii Cc. x Juno _C. Schilleriana. C. x Edwardi. Co spa ncloss C. sc Gcere | C. Schroederze. C. x Leoni.

. Ore Sa. es ye. Sdeoee Sere ee C. Lueddemannt- C. x Measuresic. | C. superba. C. x Maczenas.

aan C. Trianz. C. x Ballantini- Ge REX: C. x Lloydie. ae : et cl C:NWaRGEl C. x Paynteri Liclia cinnabarina. Leeliocattleya x

Cappel.

Lelia Dayana.

L. purpurata. Leeliocattleya elegans.

Livliocattleya Proserpine. L.-c. x Alberti. L.-c. © Lutetia.

48. C. Walkeriana.

C. granulosa. C. Mossic.

Leucothoe. « Eros.

Co &

49, C. Warneri.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

C. Bowringiana.

C. Dowiana.

‘C. Mossi.

C. x Parthenia.

C. Schilleriana.

C. Schrocderze.

C. velutina.

Leelia cinnabarina.

Ecerispas

. grandis.

. pumila.

- purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

Lieliocattleya x callistoglossa.

L.-c. « elegans.

50, C. Warscewiczii.

rassavola Digby- ana.

. Aclandiz.

. bicolor.

. Bowringiana.

. Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana.

. granulosa.

. Lawrenceana. . Leopold.

. Loddigesil.

. Mendelii.

Mossix.

Brassocattleya x | Maric. x Chapmanii. | . x Comet.

x Intertexta.

Wellsic.

Whitei.

IXatherinze.

« Payntert. | wliocattleya Topaz.

L.-c. Cowperi.

Te albanensis. |

© hybrida.

< eximia.

Gottoiana.

wiseton-

VW ~

Ww

Zz

HX ensis.

L.-c. « Deweyi. |

Brassocattleya

Maron. C. x Fernandii. Cc. x Ella. C. « Wendlandi-

ana. * Hardyana. x Marriottix. « Harold.

< Wavriniana. < Jupiter. Atalanta.

x Minucia.

x armain- villierensis.

< Adonis.

x

L. crispa. L. Dayana.

L. Perrini.

L. pumila. L. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

L. xanthina.

Leeliocattleya amanda.

L.-c. » Canhami- ana.

L.-c. « Dominiana.

L.-c. x Nysa.

L.-c. & Euphro- syne.

L.-c. * Roths- childize.

L.-c. x epicasta.

L.-c. x callisto- glossa.

L.-c. « bletchley- ensis.

L.-c. x Phryne.

L.-c. x Brymeri- ana.

L.-c. * Britannia.

L.-c. & Anti- machus. ec. * Clonia.

L.-c. « elegans. L.-c L.-c. Leeana. L.-c. < Stepmanii. L.-c. x Sallieri. L.-c. x Scylla. L.-c. * Schilleri- © L.-c. « Marguerite. ana

11. CHYSIS.

1. GC. bractescens. C. x Chelsoni. C. x langleyensis. C. Limminghei. C. x Sedenii.

2. ©. Chelsoni. C. bractescens. C. x langleyensis.

3. C. levis.

C. Limminghei.

C. x Chelsoni.

+. C. Limminghei.

C. bractescens. C. levis.

12.

GC:

« Sedenii.

C. « Chelsoni.

COLAX.

C. jugosus.

Zygopetalum crinitum. Z. intermedium.

Z. Mackayi. Z. maxillare.

Zygocolax x Veitchii.

Z.-c. < Wigani- anus.

Z.-c. < Amesianus.

Z.-c. X leopard- inus.

Part 1.) THE ORCHID STUD-BOOKk. 1] i eo eter PT | Bs =e = 13. CYMBIDIUM. Dendrobium—(continucd).

1. C. eburneum. . Lowianum. C. x Veitchii. . Tracyanum. OF

AA

2, C. giganteum. C. Mastersii. C. x Winnianum. C. Tracyanum. C: Phaitts Wallichii. © Phaiocymbidium x chardwarense. 3. C. grandiflorum. . Lowianum. C. x Sedenii. C. Mastersii. C. x Maroni. 4. C. Lowianum. C. & Veitchit. . X Sedenit. x Charles- worthil. C. tigrinum. C. x Lowgrinum.

5. C. Mastersii.

C. eburneum. C. grandiflorum. Cc

Cc . Mastersii. Cc

C. giganteum. C. x Winnianum.

C. grandiflorum. C. x Maroni.

C. Lowianum. C. x Charles- worthil.

6. C. tigrinum.

‘C. Lowianum. C. x Lowgrinum. 7. C. Tracyanum. C. eburneum. C. x Wiganianum.

C. giganteum. C.

14. CYNORCHIS.

1. C. Lowiana. C. purpurata. C. x kewensis.

2. C. purpurata.

‘C. Lowiana. C. « kewensis. 15. DENDROBIUM. 1, DO. x Ainsworthii. Dendrobium D. x Gem. aureum. D. x Cassiope. D. x Andromeda. D. Findlayanum. D. melanodiscus. D. moniliforme. D. x Doris. D. nobile. D. x Rubens. D. primulinum. D. x Achilles. D. signatum. D. x Melpomene. 'D. Wardianum. D. «x Lutwy- cheanum.

D. «x Wiganiz. D. « Thwaitesiz. 2, D. albosanguineum. -D. nobile. D. x Murrayi.

<x Wiganianum. |

x Bennett-Poel. |

« Bennett-Poel. |

3. D. aureum.

D. x Ainsworthit. D. x Gem. D. x Cassiope. D. x Curtisil. D. x euosmum. D. « Cordelia. D. Falconeri. D. x Benita. D. Findlayanum. D. x Schneideri- anum. D. Hildebrandit. D. « Elwesil. D. Linawianum. D. x dulce. D. luteolum. D. x cheltenham- ense. D. moniliforme. D. x endocharis. D. nobile. D. x Ainsworthii. D. x Rubens. D. x Ariel. D. signatum. D. x Ophir. D. superbum. D. x Gemma. D. Wardianum. D. x Aspasia. 4. D. Bensone. | D. x Cassiope. D. « Stafford. D. Maccarthic. D. x Kenneth. D. moniliforme. D. x Virginia. D. nobile. D. « Florence.

5. D. bigibbum. D. Linawianum. D. * Sibyl. 6. D. Brymerianum. D. nobile. D. x Hunteri.

7. D x Cassiope.

D. x Ainsworthii. D. x Andromeda. D. aureum. D. x Curtisii. D. Bensone. D. « Staffordi. D. x Dominyanum. D. x Domicassio. D. Findlayanum. D. x Minos. _D. Wardianum. D. x Berkeleyi. 8. D. x cheltenhamense. | D. nobile. D. x Thompsoni- | anum. 9. D. x chlorostele. _ D. nobile. D. x Wilsoni. D. Wardianum. D. x Vulcan.

10. D. chrysotoxum.

D. pulchellum. D. x illustre.

11. D. crassinode.

D. x Cypheri. D. x Astrea. D. «x Waltoni.

. Findlayanum. . lufeolum. . Wardianum.

SEOs!

| 12. D. crepidatum. | D. nobile. D. x Sedenii.

12 THE ORCHID) STUD-BOOK. [Part I. . | ’ . Dendrobium —(continued). Dendrobium— (continued). 13, D. crystallinum. 25, D. Kingianum. D. moniliforme. D. x Aneas. D. speciosum. D. x Spyersil. I4. D. x Cybele. 26. D. Linawianum. D. moniliforme. D. x Scylla. D. aureum. D. x dulce. 15. D. x Dominyanum. D. bigibbum. D. x Sibyl. i : : ; indlaya 3 . x Harold. D. « Cassiope. D. x Domicassio. | fe see cs 2 $ eee a D. Findlayanum. D. x Burberry- ae ; ) pices | anum ? ae : : . ardiz : . x chlorostele. D. « Schneideri- D. « Holmesi- | D. Wardianum Dex eh anum. anum. 27. D. lituiflorum. 16. D. x endocharis. | D. nobile. D. * Corningi- D. nobile. D. x euosmum. anum. 7 Jardic : D. »* micans. Ife. De Se expen D. Wardianum c D. aureum. D. x Cordelia. 28. D. Lowii. D. signatum. D. « Imogen. D. formosum. D. » Lawrencei. 18. D. Falconeri. 29, D. luteolum. D. aureum. D. «x Benita. D. aureum. D. « cheltenham- D. moniliforme. D. « Vanneri- ense. anum. | D. crassinode. D. x Astrzea. D. nobile. D. « Venus. D. Wardianum. D. x Bryan. 19, D. fimbriatum. | 30. D. Maccarthia. D. nobile. D. » Mantinii. | D. Benson. D. « Kenneth. 20. D. Findlayanum. | 31. D. < melanodiscus. D. x Ainsworthit. D. x melano- | D. nobile. D. x Magda. discus. ai es D. aureum. D. x Schneideri- 32. D. moniliforme. anum. | D. x Ainsworthit. D. x Doris. D. « Cassiope. D. « Minos. ~ D. aureum. D. x endocharis. D. crassinode. D. « Cypheri. | D. Bensonz. D. x Virginia. D. x Dominyanum. D. « Burberry- D. crystallinum. D. x -Eneas. anum. D. « Cybele. D. x Scylla. D. Linawianum. D. x Harold. D. Falconeri. D. «x Vannert- D. nobile. D. x Cybele. anum. D. signatum. D. « clarense. D. hercoglossum. D. x Isis. D. Wardianum. D. « harefieldi- D. nobile. D. x Cassiope. ense. D. « Pitcherianum. D. « Galatea. 21. D. formosum. = ar a “4 x see * : . Wardianum. . XxX Veitchil. D. Lowi. D. « Lawrencel. s Ee 33. D. nobile. 22, D. hercoglossum. | is D fiiopede ri se Est © D. «x Ainsworthii. D. «x Rubens. RLODIOUISs roi PSUS: | D. albosanguineum. D. x Murrayi. 23. D. Hildebrandii. |) D. aureum. D. x Ainsworthii.. Deauceun: Deke Elwes. ' D. Benson. D. x Florence. Hie mobile: Das Bllisie { a Brymerianum. D. x Hunteri. ; D. Wardianum. D. x Haywoodii. - < cheltenham- D. x Thompsont- : ense. anum. 9 . : 24. D. Huttoni. D. x chlorostele. D. x Wilsoni. D. pulchellum. D. x porphyrogas- | D. crepidatum. D. x Sedeni. trum. D. « endocharis. D. x euosmum. D. sanguinolentum. D. « rhodostoma. } D. Falconeri. D. »« Venus.

Dendrobium nobile—(continute:’).

D. fimbriatum. D. x Mantinii.

D. Findlayanum. D. x Cybele.

D. Hildebrandii. D. x Ellisii.

D. Linawianum. D. x Dominy- anum.

D. lituiflorum. D. x Corningi- anum.

D. x melanodiscus. D. x Magda.

D. moniliforme. D. x Cassiope.

D. primulinum. D. x Pitcheri- anum.

D. pulchellum. D. x Whitei.

D. Ruckeri. D. x Roeblingi- anum.

D. x Schneideri- D. x Acis.

anum.

D. signatum. D. x Wiganiz.

D. suavissimum. D. x Lotus.

D. thyrsifiorum. D. x Backhousei.

D. tortile. D. x Niobe.

D. Wardianum. D. xX murrhini- acum.

34. D. Parishii.

o

. superbum.

D. x Nestor.

35. D. Pierardi.

'D. superbum.

D. x Adrastus.

36.°D. « Pitcherianum.

D. moniliforme.

D. x Galatea.

37. D. primulinum.

D. x Ainsworthii. D. ~ Achilles. D. nobile. D. x Pitcheri-

D. superbum.

anum. D. «x Mentor.

38. D. pulchellum.

D. chrysotoxum. D. x illustre. D. Hutton. D. * porphyro- gastrum. D. moniliforme. D. x Stratius. D. nobile. D. x Whitel. 39, D. x Rubens. D. aureum. D. x Ariel. 40. D. Ruckeri. D. nobile. D. x Roeblingi- anum. 41, D. sanguinolentum. D. Huttoni. D. « rhodostoma. 42. D. x Schneiderianum. D. x Dominy- D. x Holmesi- anum. anum. D. nobile. D. « Acis.

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK. 13

wheheie)

o

ie)

vee@roo BPoege 2

o

DoOO0U

. xX Ainsworthit. D.

. Kingianum.

. nobile.

. aureum. . Parishi. D. . Pierardi.

. primulinum.

. nobile.

. nobile.

. lituiflorum. . luteolum. . moniliforme.

. x Ainsworthii. D.

. grandiflora. . x Veitchii.

. grandiflora.

Dendrobium—(continued). 43. D. signatum.

< Melpomene.

. aureum. D. x Ophir.

. X euosmum. D. x Imogen. . Findlayanum. D. x clarense. . nobile. D. x Wigan.

44. D. speciosum.

D. x Spyersii. 45. D. suavissimum.

D. x Lotus. 46. D. superbum.

D. x Gemma. » Nestor. D. x Adrastus. D. « Mentor.

47, D. thyrsiflorum.

D. «x Backhousei. 48, D. tortile.

D. « Niobe.

49, D. Wardianum.

. < Ainsworthii. D. x Lutwyche- anum. . aureum. x Aspasia. x Cassiope. x Berkeleyi. x chlorostele. < Vulcan. . crassinode. < Waltoni. . Findlayanum. x harefieldi- ense. Hildebrandii. < Haywoodiz.

x chlorostele. * micans.

x Bryan.

x Veitchii.

* murrhini- acum.

50. D. x Wigania.

Linawianum.

SUSUSS YeUyY 2

nobile.

x Thwaitesiz. 16. DISA. 1. D. grandiflora.

. * kewensis. D. x Watsoni.

. racemosa. D. x Veitchii.

. tripetaloides. D. x kewensis.

. x Veitchii. D. « Diores. 2. D. x kewensis.

D. x Watsoni. D. x Elwesit. 3. D. racemosa.

D. x Veitchil.

14 THE ORCHID

STUD-BOOK. [Part 1.

Disa racemosa—(continiedd).

D. tripetaloides.

D. x Veitchii. D. x

4, D. tripetaloides. D. x kewensis. D. racemosa. D. x langleyensis. D. « Veitchii. D. x Premier. 5. D. x Veitchii. . grandiflora. D. x Diores. . x kewensis. D. x Elwesii. . racemosa. D. x Luna. . tripetaloides. D. « Premier:

Luna.

D. grandiflora.

SLOLene,

17. DOSSINIA.

1. D. marmorata. Heemaria discolor. Dossinimaria x

Dominyi.

18, EPIDENDRUM.

1. E. x Burtoni.

E. radicans. E. x Boundii.

2. K. ciliare. E. Wallisii. E. « Sedenii. Leelia anceps. Epilelia x Hardyana. L. autumnalis.

L. Dayana. E.-l. x Eros. 3. E. cinnabarinum. E. x O’Brieni- E. =< Acis.

anum.

E. radicans. E. « Galatea.

4. E. cochleatum.

E. cucullatum. E. x Cuco.

5. E. Cooperianum. E. x O’Brieni- anum.

E. « heatonense.

Lelia cinnabarina. Epilelia x Sylvia.

6, E. costaricense. Cattleya Gaskelli-

ana.

Epicattleya x Liliane. 7. E. cucullatum. E. cochleatum. Ex x -Cuco. 8. E. elegantulum.

E. Wallisit. E. x Clarissa.

9. E. elongatum.

E. x O'Brieni- E. x Orpetii. anum.

D. x langleyensis.

E.-l. « belairensis.

Epidendrum — (continied).

10. E. Endresii.

| E. Wallisti. E. x Veitchii.

| 11. E. evectum.

E. x O'Brieni- anum.

E. x kewense.

E. radicans.

| E. xanthinum.

| 12. E. Frederici-Gulielmi.

| E. radicans. E. x Charles- worthii.

13. E. fucatum.

Epilzelia >» Whitei. 14. E. ibaguense.

E. » Burtoni.

| Leela cinnabarina.

4]

3. x O’Brieni- anum.

15, E. x O’Brienianum. Cattleya amethyst- Epicattleya x

oglossa. Orpetii. C. Bowringiana. E.-c. x O’Brieniz.. C. « Cleesiana. E.-c. x Nebo. E. cinnabarinum. E. « Acis. E. Cooperianum. E. x heatonense. _ E. elongatum. E. x Orpetii. _E. ibaguense. E. x Burtoni. | E. pristes. E. « Delphi. | E. radicans. E. x Thayeri. | E. Stamfordianum. E. x Berkeleyi. E. vitellinum. E. x Phoebus. Lelia cinnabarina. Epilzelia x heatonensis. | Sophronitis Epiphronitis x | violacea. Orpetii.

16. E. Parkinsonianum. | Leelia grandis. Epilelia x Margarite. 17. E. pristes. | E. x O'Brieni- E. x Delphi. anum. 18. E. Wallisii. 19, #. radiatum. _ Cattleya Bowringi- Epicattleya x | ana. Sedenii.

E. pseudepidendrum. E. x langleyense..

20. E. radicans. Cattleya Bowringi- Epicattleya x ana. matutina. E. Xx Burtoni. E. x Boundii. » E. cinnabarinum. E. x Galatea.

| | | | | |

Part [.]

Epidendrum radicans—(coutinicd).

. xX O'Brient- anum.

» Charles: worthit.

E. x Thayeri.

E. evectum.

E. Frederici- Gulielmi.

E. x O’Brieni- anum.

E. Stamtordianum. E. x Olenus. E. vitellinum. E. x Cassiope. E. xanthinum. E. x dellense.

Leelia cinnabarina. Epileelia Charlesworthii.

L. purpurata. E.-l. x Veitchii.

Sophronitis grandi- Epiphronitis flora. Veitchi.

21. E. Stamfordianum.

E. x O'Brienti- E. x Berkeleyi. anum. E. radicans. E. x Olenus. 22, BE. x Veitchii. EB. x Wallisit. E. «< elegantulum. 23. E. vitellinum. E. x O’Brieni- E. x Phoebus. anum. E. radicans. E. » Cassiope. Leelia tenebrosa. Epilelia

Lawrencei.

24, E. Wallisii.

E. ciliare. E. x Sedeni. E. * elegantulum. E. * Clarissa. E. Endresii. E. x Veitchit. E. pseudepiden- E. « langleyense.

drum.

E. « Veitchit. Ez 25. E. xanthinum.

E. « kewense.

elegantulum.

E. evectum.

E. radicans. E. x dellense. 19. HAMARIA. 1. Hemaria discolor. Ancectochilus Ancectomaria x Roxburghit. Dominyi. Dossinia mar- Dossinimaria morata. Dominyi. Macodes Petola. Macomaria Veitchil. 20. LALIA.

1. Lelia albida.

Cattleya Bow- Leeliocattleya x ringiana. Bowrialbida.

THE ORCHID

ww

STUD-BOOK.

Lalia—(continned).

2. L. anceps.

Cattleya Bow- ringiana.

Licliocattleya x Wrigleyt.

L.-c. X& novissima.

. labiata. L.-c. x Liptoni.

Mel Berueer L.-c. <x Boylet.

Epidendrum ciliare. Epilaclia Hardy-

ana.

. Gaskelliana.

COO

L. pumila. L. x amoena. L. purpurata. se Edissa. L. superbiens. L. « Nemesis.

3. L. autumnalis. Cattleya Bow- Lieliocattleya x ringiana,. belairensis.

C. labiata. cornuta. Epidendrum ciliare. Epilelia x belairensis.

Stanislaus. x Omen.

ieee 3

L. cinnabarina. ics L. purpurata., L 4. L. Boothiana.

Cattleya dolosa. Lecliocattleya

Praeti. C. Gaskelliana. L.-c. x Ethelwald. C. Lawrenceana. L.-c. « Hilda. C. Mossize. L.-c. x mollis. L purpurata. L. « pulcherrima, L. tenebrosa. L. « Mozart.

5. L. cinnabarina.

Brassavola Digby- Brassoleelia x

ana. Gratrixice.

B. glauca. B.-l. « Clio.

Cattleya Aclandiz. Lielocattleya x Adolphus.

C. amethystoglossa. L.-c. ~ Marica.

C. Dowiana. L.-c. x Charles- worthil.

C. granulosa. L.-c. x Millerze.

C. « Hardyana. L.-c. x Edwardi.

C. Harrisoniana. L.-c. « Gladys.

C. intermedia. L.-c. x Amelia.

C. labiata. L.-c. x Coronis.

C. Lawrenceana. L.-c. & highburi- ensis.

C. Leopoldi. L.-c. x Diogenes.

C. Mendelii. L.-c. x Lucia.

C. Mossiz. L.-c. x Hippolyta.

C. Percivaliana. L.-c. « Perci- barina.

C. quadricolor. L.-c. x Leopoldi.

C. Schilleriana. L.-c. « Helena.

C. Schroedere. L.-c. « Ballti.

C. Skinneri. L.-c. « Dido.

C. superba. L.-c. « Sunray.

46

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOR.

Lelia cinnabarina—(continued).

‘C. Trianze.

‘C. Warneri.

C. Warscewiczii.

Epidendrum Cooperianum.

.E. fucatum.

E. x O’Brieni- anum.

‘E. radicans.

. autumnalis.

flava.

. grandiflora.

. grandis.

. harpophylla.

x Pilcheri.

- purpurata.

. tenebrosa.

\Leliocattleya x bella.

L.-c. callisto- glossa.

L.-c. x Pallas.

Leptotes bicolor.

Peis rer

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrolelia x

flora

L.-c. x warnham- ensis.

L.-c. x Topaz.

L.-c. x Cappel.

Epileelia x Sylvia.

. < White. . < heaton- nsis. 1. &« Charles- worthii. Stanislaus. Icarius. Dutremblayi. | Ragotiana. Coronet. flammea. Latona. cinnabrosa. Leeliocattleya x Iberia. Lee. & Lowi.

oO

! ] I |

PERE h mom

KR KOR KR ROX

L.-c. « Picanus. Leptoleelia x | Veitchit.

Psyche.

6. L. crispa.

attleya bicolor.

. Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana. . granulosa.

. labiata.

. Leopoldi.

OOOOOO: ©

O

. Loddigesii.

. maxima.

. Mossiz. Rex.

. Schilleriana. . Trianee.

aA02N2N00

. Warneri.

. Warscewiczil. . Dayana.

. Perrinii.

. pumila.

- purpurata.

. tenebrosa.

. xanthina.

ie Cae) cael per cana raed

Leeliocattleya x

Terentia. L.-c. x Pallas.

-c. & Pisandra. c. < Bryan. -c. * Mylamiana. c. < Veitchiana. | €

. xX devoni-

CK ana. ec. ~ Amesiana. c. X exoniensis. | -c. < Bievreana. | Cc Cc

Tresederi-

» & felix:

- < massili- ensis.

c. x Cowperi. c. & Nysa. c. x Euterpe. « Pilcheri. x Gravesiz. x x x

< splendens. < crispabrosa. Olivia.

PEPER Shere = Pere

(Part 1.

Lelia crispa—(continuced ).

Leeliocattleya Dominiana.

L.-c. « Schilleriana.

Lzeliocattleya Victoria. L.-c. x Stella.

7. L. Dayana.

Cattleya bicolor.

C. Bowringiana.

C. dolosa.

C. Dowiana.

C. Gaskelliana.

C. granulosa.

C. Harrisoniana.

C. labiata.

C. Loddigesil.

C. Lueddemanni- ana.

C. velutina.

C. Warscewiczil.

Epidendrum ciliare.

L. crispa.

L. Perrinii.

L. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

L. xanthina.

Sophronitis grandi- flora.

Leliocattleya Hamiltoni. . x Meteor. . * Maynardi. . x Ingrami. * Eunomia. x Galatea. x Groganiz. x Wilsone. » Aurora. » Timora.

fico ay eat io)

adadagaaaada

ala Sa ek Ga el

x Proserpine. x Euphro-

aa

fl

syne. pilzlia x Eros. * Euterpe.

x Exquisite. * Diana.

x Tona.

>» Oweniana. Sophrolelia x leeta.

all add aro ba al

8. L. x Euterpe.

Cattleya Dowiana.

L.-c. « Astreea.

9. L. flava.

attleya inter-

media.

. Percivaliana. . Schroederze.

. Skinner.

AOD ©

. Triane.

. cinnabarina.

. pumila. ophronitis grandi- flora.

OES

Leeliocattleya x Pournieri.

L.-c. x Ernesti.

L.-c. x Mercia.

L.-c. « Marriotti- ana.

L.-c. x Myra.

L.-c. * Icarius.

L.-c. *« Flavina.

Sophrolzelia x Marriottiana.

10. L. grandiflora.

Cattleya Mossiz.

C. Trianz. L. cinnabarina.

Leeliocattleya x Juno.

L.-c. x Eumezea.

L. x Dutremblayi.

11. L. grandis.

Cattleya inter- media.

C. Mossie.

C. Schreederz.

C. Warneri.

Leliocattleya x Ella.

L.-c. x Hebe.

L.-c. x Bertha.

L.-c. x albanensis.

*

Pari I.]

Lelia grandis— (continued).

Epileelia x Margarit.

L. x Ragotiana.

L. x Mantinit.

Epidendrum Parkinsonianum.

L. cinnabarina.

L. purpurata.

12. L. x Gravesie. Cattleya Dowiana. Leeliocattleya Clytie.

13. L, harpophylla.

Brassavola glauca. Brassolelia x

Bouteletil. Cattleya amethyst- Leeliocattleya x oglossa. Ghislaine. C. bicolor. Le. % leticasta. C. Eldorado. L.-c. x Maroni. C. Harrisoniana. Ieee: Litton: C. Lawrenceana. Lee. X. Ida. C. Leopoldi. L.-c. x Osyana. C. Mossice. L.-c. x Hodgkin- sone. C. Trianz. Lees. X ‘Doris: L. cinnabarina. L. x Coronet. L. purpurata. L. x Briseis.

L. tenebrosa. L. x stellata. Leehocattleya Sallieri. Sophronitis grandi- Sophrolelia x flora. Valda.

14. L. Jongheana. Leeliocattleya Schroedere.

Cattleya Triane.

15. L. x Latona.

Lite SS Cora: L. x Minerva.

Cattleya Mendelit. L. tenebrosa.

16. L. longipes. Leliocattleya * Leen Se Titas Schilleriana.

17. L. Perrinii.

Cattleya Dowiana. L.-c. x Decia.

C. Gaskelliana. L.-c. ~« Semiramis. C. labiata. L.-c. * Statteriana. C. Lawrenceana. L.-c. x Minerva. C. Loddigesil. L.-c. & amoena. C. Lueddemanni- = L.-c. x Hermione.

ana. C. Mossie. L.-c. * Beranekii. C. Percivaliana. L.-c. x Homere. C. Warscewiczil. L.-c. * Roths- childize. L. crispa. L. x Pilcheri. L. Dayana. L. x Exquisite.

Ince K ochracéas

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

, | @

| Sophronitis grandi-

t |

Lelia Perrinii— (continued).

L. pumila. L. x juvenilis.

L. purpurata. L. x Ingrame. Lecliocattleya x Lieliocattleya >

elegans. Diarmid.

18. L. x Pilcheri.

L. cinnabarina. L. «x flammea.

19. L. pumila.

Cattleya Aclandize. L.-c. x Dalle- magne. C. bicolor. L.-c. x Binoti. C. Bowringtana. L.-c. x Parysatis. C. Dowtana. L.-c. x Clive. Cc Hardyana. L.-c. « rubens. C. Harrisoniana. L.-c. * confusa. C. labiata. L.-c. < Cornelia. C. Leopoldi. L.-c. * olivetensis. C. Loddigesii. L.-c. x Leeana. C. Lueddemanni- — L.-c. & porphyrea. ana. ~C. x Marstersone. L.-c. * Isis. C. maxima. L.-c. x Measuresii. C. superba. L.-c. & Wavrinii. C. Triane. L.-c. x Tydea. C. Warneri. L.-c. & hybrida. C. Warscewiczii. L.-c. X epicasta. L. anceps. L. & amoena. . crispa. L. x Gravesiz. L. flava. L. x Flavina. L. Perrinit. L. x juvenilis. L. tenebrosa. L. & nigrescens. Leeliocartleya x Leeliocattleya x elegans. Novelty. L.-c. x exoniensis. L.-c. x Cassiope.

Sophrolzelia x flora. Orpetil. 20. L. purpurata..

Brassavola Digby- Brassoleelia x

ana. Veitchit.

Cattleya Aclandiz. Leeliocattleya x Emilize.

C. dolosa. L.-c. x radiata.

C. Dowiana. L.-c. X Dominiana.

C. Forbesii. L.-c. x Regine.

C. Gaskelliana. L.-c. & Roeblingii.

C. granulosa. L.-c. X burbag- ensis.

C. Harrisoniana. L.-c. & Whitiniee.

C. intermedia. L.-c. x Schilleri- ana.

| C. Loddigesii.

C. labiata. Cc

L.-c. x bella.

Lawrenceana. L.-c. x Hyeana.

L.-c. & Sallieri. c

18

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

Lelia purpurata—(continued).

C. Lueddemanni- ana.

. Maxima.

. Mendelit.

. Mossice.

. Percivaliana. . Schilleriana. . Sehraederiv. . Skinnert.

. Triane.

. velutina.

. Warneri.

. Warscewiczil.

Epidendrum radicans.

L. anceps.

L. autumnalis.

. Boothiana.

. cinnabarina.

. crispa. ®

. Dayana.

. grandis.

. harpophylla.

L. Perrin.

. tenebrosa.

Lichocattleya callistoglossa.

L.-c. X Dominiana.

L.-c. x elegans.

eee Schilleri- aia.

Sophronitis grandi-

flora,

[eet Amazone. Canhami-

Electra. Antigone.

~ Speran-

Alberti. L.-c. & eximia. L.-c. x callisto- glossa. Epileclia Veitchil. Li. 3 Jedissat. L. x Omen. I. x pulcherrima. Latona. splendens. Diana. “ Mantinit. lL. & Briseis: L. « Ingramee. Ty. Se Pacasiia. Lichocattleya Birkbeckice. L.-c. x Wiganiana. L.-c. « Pringiersii. L.-c. « Hornitana.

Sophrokelia heatonensis.

21. L. superbiens.

Cattleya Aclandiz.

C. Mossize. L. anceps.

Lieliocattleya Humbert.

L.-c. « Choletiana.

L. « Nemesis.

22. L. tenebrosa.

* Brassavola Digby- ana, Cattleya Aclandiz.

. bicolor.

. Bowringiana.

: Brymeriana. . Dowiana.

COae

. Gaskelliana. . granulosa.

ie,

Brassolzelia Helen. Leeliocattleya Remula. < La-France. Irene. Millert. Truffauti-

Ieee, 32 es 3 Tecate Be leas 8

anes L.-c. & Tee

Eva. Magnei,

«x Duvaliana.

Aphrodite.

» Fascinator.

Wellsiana.

| C. x Hardyana. . Harrisoniana.

labiata. . Lawrenceana.

. Leopoldi.

. Mendelit.

. Mossize.

. Rex.

. Schilleriana.

Schroedere.

. superba.

. Triane.

. Warneri.

. Warscewiczil.

pidendrum vitellinum. - Boothiana. . cinnabarina. . crispa. . Dayana. . harpophylla.

< Latona. . pumila. » purpurata. L.-c. x callisto- glossa. ec. < Canhami- ana. L.-c. « Hippolyta. L.-c. x Schilleri- ana.

flora.

92

40.

Cattleya bicolor.

. Dormaniana. . Dowiana.

. Eldorado.

. Gaskelliana. . granulosa.

. Mendelii. Mossize. Rex.

. Schilleriana. . Trianze.

. Warscewiczii. . crispa.

. Dayana.

Bele Oie Ole ieee ne

(Part I.

| Lelia tenebrosa—(continuec).

L.-c. <x Haroldi- ana.

L.-c. x Crans- toune.

) Been Lucasiana,

L.-c. * Baden- Powellii.

L-c. * Issy.

Lc. & Ais,

L.-c. x Martinetii.

L.-c. *~ Doinit.

L-c. Massange- ana

L.-c. % Lycidas.

L.-c. x Pharos.

L.-c. x Mabel.

L.-c. ~ Gottoiana.

L.-c bletchley- ensis.

Epileelia

Lawrencel.

L. x Mozart.

fee cinnabrosa. L. & crispabrosa. | Iona.

| es stellata.

ie Minerva.

Ly nigrescens. ey, Pacavia. Ese: Ivernia. LC IxXathleen. Ie Vinesiz. Tees Celestine.

Sophronitis grandi- Sophroielia x

Gratrixix.

L. xanthina.

Leeliocattleya elsteadensis. L.-c. Sander. Ophir. < odorata. * Astore. Robinii. Zephyra.

Norba.

x Constance. x Gemma. x Ascania. x Phryne. Olivia.

< Oweniana.

(hae Ty eal et CE

1

WF MS) AG

KK PLEAS

Si sletelalalelel alslala

Part 1.|

THE ORCHID STUD BOOK.

21. Te Tae:

ana.

LAELIOCATTLEYA.

< albanensis. Cattleya x Hardy- L.-c.

x dellensis.

2. L.-c. X amanda.

C. Warscewiczil.

Brassavola Digby- ana.

5. L.-c. Cattleya Trianz. Lelia cinnabarina.

6. L-c. Cattleya Dowiana.

C. Warneri.

Lelia cinnabarina. L. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

L.-c. x Canhami- ana.

L.-c. x elegans.

| Basen

Tote

ana.

Schilleri-

Fe, MieGn

Cattleya Warsce- WICZil. : Lelia tenebrosa. L.-c. « callisto-

glossa.

8. L.-c. x

Cattleya Bow- ringiana. C. labiata.

9. L.-c. x

Cattleya Luedde- manniana. C. superba.

Gottoiana.

L.-c. x Brymert- ana.

< Amesiana.

L.-c. x Nephelia. Aphrodite. Brassocatlielia Wigant. © bella. | Paver Alexandrie. | Breve Iberia. callistoglossa. L.-c. x Colmani- ana. leet: wiseton- ensis. Ince. & Lowi [see Birk- beckice. be Ivernia. {2e@: Henri. Brace Senarti. Race Lily. L.-c. x Agnes. Canhamiana. 2c: Britannia. L.-c. ~ Kathleen. I526 Henri. Clive. L.-c. * decora. L.-c. x Cookson. devoniensis. L.-c. « Mardellit.

L.-c. x Sedenii.

10. L.-c. ~ Dominiana.

Cattleya Bow- ringiana.

C. Triane.

C. Warscewiczii.

Leelia crispa. L. purpurata.

L.-c. * Hlione.

L.-c. * Rosalind.

L.-c. * Anti- machus.

L.-c. * Victoria.

L.-c. x Wiganiana.

Oe

O@

PlEleisiessle

19

Leliocattleya— (continued).

11. L.-c. Cattleya superba.

© Doris.

[ee Westu.

12. L.-c. x elegans.

ana. rassocattleya Lindleyana.

Cattleya Aclandize.

Brassavola Digby- B

. bicolor.

. Bowringtana. Brymeriana. . citrina.

. Dowtana.

. Gaskelliana. Hardyana.

. intermedia.

. labiata.

ACAN|AANAN

. Lawrenceana. . Leopold.

. Loddigesit. . Maxima.

. AMossice.

x O’Brieniana. Percivaliana.

. superba.

. velutina.

. Warner.

. Warscewiczil. Lielia Perrinut.

L. pumila.

L. purpurata.

L.-c. & callisto- glossa.

Sophronitis grandi- flora.

13. L.-c.

r Cattleya labiata.

C. Loddigesil. C. superba.

Lelia pumila.

Brassocatlvlia

Mackayt. Becsl Law- rencel. Tees Philbrichi- ana. L.-c. « Gazelle. L.-c. x Tiresias. Lice princeps. L.-c. x Seraph. L.-c. x Fournierz. bee. rerga: L.-c. x Chantinil. bee: ss Cicero. L.-c. « Schulze- ana, (Beeice Ruby. Lie. & LasFies: naie. Lie. Zenobia. L.-c. & = Darwini- ana. Lace KKraenzlinit. Te.c6 Herode. Lace Venus. Lec Robsont. Li-cs & Lutetia. Ls<c Dewevyi. L.-c. x Clonia. L.-c. « Diarmid. L.-c. x Novelty. L.-c. x Pringiersi. L.-c. x Senarti.

Sophrocatlelia x Eros.

~ exoniensis.

L.-c. x Leone.

L.-c. « fausta.

L.-c. % trioph- thalma.

L.-c. Cassiope.

14. L.-c. < fausta.

Cattleya Loddigesii.

L.-c. x leuceglossa.

15. L.-c. ~ Gottoiana.

C. labiata.

C. Mossiz.

L.-c. * callisto- glossa.

L.-c. x Jeanette. L.-c. ~ Wiganie. btey ace Larlys

%

20

THE ORCHID

STUD-BOOK. (Part I.

Lellocattleya—(continued).

16. L.-c. x Hippolyta.

Cattleya inter- media.

C. Mossic.

C. Schreedere.

Lelia tenebrosa.

17. L.-c.

Cattleya Bowring-

jana.

18. L.-c. C. Bowringiana. C. Warscewiczil.

19. L.-c. x Leela cinnabarina. 20. L.-c. X

Cattleya Gaskelli- ana.

-c. * Santiago.

Is L.-c. x Ceres. ccs & Dora L.-c. X Vinesize. x Ingrami.

L.-c. ~ Robsonze. « Leeana.

L.-c. x Hera. Lé. Pallas. Ise. Proserpine. Ls&

» Picanus.

< Tyro.

21. L.-c. « Sallieri.

C. Triane.

C. Warscewiczil.

Leelia harpophylla.

22. L.-c. Cattleya bicolor. C. Dormaniana.

C. Dowiana. C. granulosa. C. x Hardyana.

C. intermedia. C labiata. C. Leopoldi.

C. Loddigesii.

C. Lueddemanni- ana

C. Mendelit.

C. Mossice.

C. Schilleriana.

C. Triarze.

C. Warscewiczii

Leelia crispa.

L. longipes.

L. purpurata.

L. tenebrosa.

L.-c. * callisto- glossa.

L.-c. x Clemen- tince.

L.-c. « Scylla.

L.-c. * ochracea.

x Schilleriana.

L.-c. « Andreana.

L.-c. x clapton. ensis.

L.-c. x Lucilia.

L.-c. x Noel.

L.c. x Green- woodii.

L.-c. x Zampa.

L.-c. & Scottiana.

L.-c. X aurelian- ensis.

L.-c. x Behrensi- ana.

L.-c. x Ada.

Sophronitis grandi- Sophrocatlelia x

flora.

Veitchil.

x Stepmanii.

L.-c. x Powellii. L.-c. * Fortuna. L.-c. x Morrisii. L.-c. x Cybele. L.-c. x Marguerite. L.-c. «x Stella. Lees SS Tiray

L.-c. x Horniana. L.-c. « Celestine. L.-c. x Agnes.

| L. Deppei.

| | | | | | | | | | |

|

22. LEPTOTES.

1. L. bicolor. Leptoleelia x Veitchit.

LYCASTE.

aromatica. L. » Groganii.

Lelia cinnabarina.

23. 1. L.

san Er

Skinneri.

cruenta. Ee ox ana. Deppei. L. » Groganii. L. » hybrida.

L.

Imschooti-

3. L. L. aromatica. . Skinnert. Gyan Op . Skinnert. 4. L. Skinneri. 6. L.

. Skinnert.

macrophylla. L. x Balliz.

Rossiana. Meri. Se Schilleriana. L. » schceen- brunnensis. Skinneri. Tse SS ana. < hybrida. Ballia. < Janete. “ schoen- brunnensis.

24. MACODES. 1. M. Petola.

Heemaria discolor.

ibe Janete.

7. L.

. cruenta. Imschooti- . Deppei.

- macrophylla. . Rosstana.

. Schilleriana.

% Vv

L. Li. 1 ie

Macomaria x Veitchii.

25. MASDEVALLIA.

1. M. abbreviata.

. Veitchiana. M. x Acis.

2. M.

ignea, . tovarensis.

amabilis. M. x

M. x ana.

M. x Chelsoni.

Rebecca. Measuresi- . Veitchiana. 3. M. Arminii. M. x Leda. <x Asmodia. M. x Alceste..

. Estradee.

4. M. . Veitchiana.

Part 1.) THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK. 21

Masdevallia—(continued). Masdevallia—(condinued).

5. M. Barleana. 16. M. infracta.

M. infracta. M. x glaphyrantha. | M. Barleeana. M. x glaphyrantha, M. Veitchiana. M. < splendida oe

: Sel S | 17. M. macrura.

os 6. M. caudata. M. tovarensis. M. x Curlei.

* M. coccinea. M. x Shuttryana. | > 4 p

M. Estradee. M. x Sedenii, | te Mle BEUESETB

M. x Gairiana. M. x Hincksix. M. x Chelsoni. M. x Ajax.

M. ignea. M. x Henrietta. 19. M. racemosa.

M. rosea. M. < Courtauldi- M. ignea. M. « Rushton. Arete aa M. triangularis. M. x Doris.

M. Veitchiana. M. x Kimballiana. oe ae : Oe goes

Mi -eanthina. bic ae Ccicaiaias | 20. M. Reichenbachiana.

v. M. x Ghelsoni. M. x Chelsoni. M. « Asmodia. M. peristeria. M. x Ajax. 21. M. rosea.

M. Reichenbachi- MM. »« Asmodia. M. caudata. M. x Courtauldi- ana. ana.

8. M. Chimeera. "29. M. Schlimii.

M. tovarensis. M. x. Erte. M. Veitchiana. M. * Imogen.

9. M. coccinea 23. M. Schreederiana.

*M. caudata. M. x Shuttryana. M. Veitchiana. Ma. x Cireé. M. Estradz. M. x Stella. 4. J : me 24. M. 8. M. Gairiana. M. « Pluto. oe " ta ener Wi. genes, i ae Ebner M. amabilis. M. «« Measures- gnea. oe aseri. ane M. tovarensis. M. x McVittiz. a Chime I pete M. triangularis. M. < Cassiope. a eng i M. ‘ MeV : M. Veitchiana M. x falcata ee Bee ERS: : Preis gs. ch ea ists M. Davisil. M. >» Winnie. 10. M. coriacea. M. ignea. M. » Hincksiana. M. Veitchiana. M. ox Hebe: M. macrura. M. x Curlei.

11. M. cucullata. M. Veitchiana. M. « Amesiana. M. Veitchiana. M. -< bockingensis. 25. M. triangularis. ,

12. BM. Davisii. : coccinea. af pe ae

M. racemosa. M. »« Doris. M. tovarensis. M. x Winniz. ae Se M. Veitchiana. M. » Gairiana. a M. pL) ; oad M. abbreviata. M. « Acis. 18. M. Estrade. M. amabilis. M. x Chelsoni. M. Arminii. M. » Leda. . M. x Asmodia. M. x» Alceste. M. caudata. M. >» Sedenit. M. Barleana. M. » splendida. coccinea. se x stead M. caudata. M. « Kimballiana. . ignea. M.. x aitel. = Mf. coccinea. M. x falcata. M. Veitchiana. M. « langleyensis. | WW. coriacea. Wie se eee:

14. M. » Gairiana. M. cucullata. M. x bockingensis. eee M. » Hincksize. M. Davisii. M. x Guiriana. WW. Coccined: M. x Pluto. M. Estradee. M. « langleyensis.

5 Mi M. ignea. M. » Heathi.

As. - ignea. M. Schlimii. M. » Imogen. M. amabilis. M. » Rebecca. M. Schreederiana. M. » Circe.

M. caudata. M. ~ Henrietta. yy. tovarensis. M. » Amesiana.

M. coccinea. M. x Fraseri. M. Wageneriana. M. % Sanderi. |

sg Estrade. A Le nee : | M. xanthina. M. « Lawrencet. . racemosa. . * Rushtoni. | } :

M. tovarensis. M. » Hincksiana. | 27. M. MEaeSnenanss :

M. Veitchiana. M. ~ Heathii. | M. Veitchiana. M. » Sanderi.

22 THE

Masdevallia—(continued). 28, M. xanthina.

M. x Gelentana. M. x Lawrence.

M. caudata. M. Veitchiana. 26. MILTONIA.

1. M. Roezlii.

» M. venillaria. M. « Bleuana. 2. M. vexillaria.

© M. Roezlit. M. x Bleuana.

27. ODONTOGLOSSUM.

1. O. x Andersonianum. O. Harryanum. O. 2. O. cirrhosum.

O. Hallii. O. x elegans. O. sceptrum. O. x Juno.

3. O. crispum.

O. ~ Denisone. O. % mirum. O. Hallit. O. x Cooksoni. »O. Harryanum. O. x spectabile. O. Kegeljani. O. x waltonense. O. luteopurpureum. O. x Denisone. - GO. nobile. O. <« armainvillier- ense.

x mirificum. O. « bellatulum. O. x harveng-

O. sceptrum. O. O. tripudians. O. triumphans.

tense. 4+. 0. x Denisone. O. crispum. O. * mirum. O. triumphans. O. x Vuylstekei. 5. O. « elegans. O. nobile. O. * beardwoodi- ense.

6. 0. Hallii. O. cirrhosum. O. crispum. O. Harryanum.

O. ~ elegans. O. « Cooksoni. O. x Crawshay- anum. 7. 0. Harryanum. O. x Andersoni- anum, °O. crispum.

O. Hallii.

O. x spectabile. O. x Crawshay- anum. O. Lindleyanum. O. x Wattianum. O. luteopurpureum. O. x Hyeanum. - O. nobile. O. « Rolfez. O. triumphans. O. x Charles- worthi.

x Bradshawize.

POG

O. « Bradshawiz.

ORCHID STUD-BOOR.

(Part I.

Odontoglossum—(continued). 8. 0, Kegeljani.

O. crispum. O. x waltonense. 9. 0. Lindleyanum. O. Harryanum. O. x Wattianum. 10. O. luteopurpureum. O. crispum. O. x Denisone. O. Harryanum. O. x Hyeanum. 11. 0. nobile. O. crispum. O. * armainvillier- ense. O. x elegans. O. x beardwoodi- ense. » O. Harryanum. O. x Rolfez. O. sceptrum O. & amcenum. O. triumphans. O. » excellens. 12. 0. sceptrum. O. cirrhosum. O. x Juno. O. crispum. O. X mirificum. O. nobile. O. * amoenum. 13. O. tripudians. O. crispum. O. « bellatulum. 14. Q. triumphans. O. crispum. O. » harveng- tense. O. « Denisone. O. x Vuylstekel. O. Harryanum. O. x Charles- worthit. O. nobile. O. * excellens. 28. PAPHIOPEDILUM. 1. P. x almum. P. concolor. P. x Holliday- anum. . niveum. P. x Rothwelliz. . x Swanianum. P. x Mantinii. 2. P. Appletonianum. P. barbatum. P. x westoniense. P. callosum. P. x siamense. P. x chloroneurum. P. x Xythus. P. Spicerianum. P. x Quirinus. 3. P. Argus. P.x Arthurianum. P. x Argutus. P. barbatum. P. x turpe. P. bellatulum. P. x Madeline. P. Boxallii. P. x Murillo. P. callosum. P. x calloso-Argus. P. Charlesworthii. P. x Ian. P. concolor. P. x Evenor. P. Curtisii. P. x Hurrellianum. P. Dayanum. P. x Pandora. P. « Harrisianum. P. « Jean.

Part Lj

Paphiopedilum Argus—(cortinied),

THE ORCHID STUD-BOOK.

23

Paphiopedilum barbatum—(contd.).

P. hirsutissimum, P. x punctatissi- P. ciliolare. P. « Descombesii. ee mum. P. concelor. P. tessellatum. P. insigne. P. & Swinburne. P. Crossianum. P. x Margaritie. P. Lawrenceanum. P. lo. P. Curtisti. P. IXerchove- P. x marmorophyl- P prestonense. anum. lum. P. Dayanum. P. Swanianum, P. x Morganix. P. x Argo-Mor- P. Druryt. Ps orphanum. ganie. P Euryale. P. x Abessa. P. x nitens. P. x leopardinum. P. Fairrieanum. P. vexillarium. P. niveum. P. x Gravesize. P. Godefroy. P. x Sirius. P. x cenanthum. P. x Descombesi:e. | P. Harrisianum. P. « Ensign. P. philippinense. P. x burfordiense. | P. Haynaldianum P. x Orissa. P. purpuratum. Pe Batalinii. P. hirsutissimum. P. x porphyro- P. Rothschildi- P. x Rehdere. chlamys. anum. | P. Hookerae. P. x marmoro- P. Sanderianum. P. x Wilson, phyllum. P. x selligerum. P. x aspasioides. P. insigne. P. « Ashburtonee. P. Spicerianum. P. x Crethus. P. Lawrenceanum. P almum P. Stonei. P. x Rothwelli- P.« Lathamianum. P. x Dakinii. anum. P. Leeanum., P. x Cardosoanum P. tonsum. Pips: P. Lowii. P. x calanthum. P. villosum. P. & vernixium. P. Mastersianum. P. x Endymion. 4. Pp. Arthurianum. = niveum. = « Tautzianum. eee: Beebe eae | J cenantham. ie plumosum. Pp enema ae Oe S P. philippinense. BP. & selligerum. ; eptaeeae pe SUCH: P. prestans. P. x barbato- P. » Leeanum. P. x Leer. priestans. P. Spicerianum. P. x Minos. P. purpuratum, Pp. Pitcheri. 52 2B) Ashburtone. P. Rothschildi- P. x tringiense. P. barbatum. P. x Philene. anum, P. calophyllum. P. x Imperatrix. P. x selligerum. . x Joiceyi. P. callosum. P. x Zenobia. P. Spicerianum. P. x Eyermani- P. x Harrisianum. P. x Wiganianum. anum. P. insigne. P. x Anneertii. P. Stone. P. & euryandrum. Pi se eeéania P. x Louisz. P. superbiens. P. x superciliare. P. x Numa. P. « whitefieldi- P. superciliare. P. x Vigerianum. ense. P. « Swanianum. P. * gandavense. P. purpuratum. P. x Atropos. P. tonsum. P. x Rossianum. P. Spicerianum. P. x Donatii. P. venustum. P. x calophyllum. Px-Stoneét. P. x Clarkize. P. « vexillarium. P. x Singletoni- P. x vernixium. P. x Lowryanum. eS : « P. villosum. P. x Harrisianum. 6. P. ~ auroreum. ens 5 fs) ome ‘ P. virens. P. x pleisto- P. x Harrisianum. P. * grandiflorum. ehlosun. P. insigne. P. x Ephialtes. o. Po bellatulunt 7. P. barbatum. P. Argus. P. x Madeline. P. Appletonianum. P. « westoniense. * P, barbatum. P. x Richmanii. P. Argus. P. x turpe. P. x Bleut. P. x Asmodia. P. x Ashburtonz. P. x Philene. | P. Boxalli. P. « Berkleyanum. P. bellatulum. P. « Richmanii. @ P. callosum. P. x Wottoni. P. Boxallii. P. x apiculatum. P. Chamberlaini- P. x Rowena. P. callosum. P. « calloso-bar- anum.

batum. rP. Charlesworthit. P. x Dora. P. x Canhami. P. x Eros. | P. ciliolare. P. «x Olenus. P. Charlesworthii. P. x Lumsdenii. P. concolor. P. x conco-bellat- P. x chloroneurum. P. x festum. ulum.

bP Sh

*

DOU OUD WUT y UT

24

STUD-BOORK.

Part I.

THE ORCALD

Paphiopedilum bellatulum-—(coéd ).

P. « Crossianum. P. Curtisii.

P. Dayanum.

Pp: enfieldense. P. Godefroy. Gowertanum.

< Harrisianum. . Haynaldianum. . hirsutissimum.

TUT

. Hooker. insigne. Lawrenceanum. x Mabelia. . Miveum. . philippinense. Rothschildi- anum. Spicerianum, superbiens. * superciliare. x Swanianum. - tonsum. - venustum. * vexillarium. . villosum,. * Youngianum.

0. )P:

. bellatulum. x superciliare.

10. . Argus. . barbatum. . bellatulum. - callosum. * calophyllum. x Calypso. » Canhami. P. Chamberlaini-

anum.

P. Charlesworthii. P. x chloroneurum.

UU

Dole uslsehcolacize

P. Curtisii.

P. Dayanum.

P. Druryi.

P. exul.

P. x gemmiferum. P. » Germiny- anum.

P. * Harrisianum. P. Haynaldianum. P. hirsutissimum.

P. x Jacobianum. |

P. x Chapman. |

P. x Annie.

P. ~ Buckinghami.

P. & Gratrixit.

P. x Mary-Beat- rice.

P. x southgatense.

Pp. x Ariel.

P. x Schofieldi- anum. |

P Youngive. |

P. x Helena. |

P. x Lawrebel.

bP.» Amelie.

Pt. 36 Psyche:

P. x Phoebe.

P. x Rolfei. Ps Enid.

P. x Measuresize. P. x Arnoldi. | P. x Cycnides.

P Hunteri.

P. x Venubel. | P. « Gratrixia.

Pi allertonense. P Berancekit. Bleui

P. » Asmodia. Ps Alfredianum.

P. Boxallii.

P. Murillo.

P. x apieulatum. |

P. « Berkleyanum, |

Ps. x Bartelsii:

P Pluto.

P. x Menelik.

P. x Lendyanum. |

P. & Ikamilit.

Py Elsie.

P. Burberry- anum.

P. »« Saint-Hilda.

Pex. Seylla.

P. « Gordont.

P. »« Irene.

P, Helotsianum.

P. eximium. ,

P. x Eismanni- | anum. |

P. x Proetus.

P. x Godsefhanum.

Paphiopedilum Boxallii—(contsnuedd).

P. insigne. P. » Schlesingeri- anu. Ps Se To: P. « Behrensi- anum. P. javanicum. Ps, vernixioides. P. x Lathamianum. P. Bala. P. Lawrenceanum. P. « Thayerianum. P. x Leeanum. P. Hera. P. Lowi. ee Beatrice. P. x Morganiz. P, Frederico- nobiie. P. x nitens. P. « Parkerianum. P. niveum. Pe xX Gracer: P. x cenanthum. P. rubescens. P. x Orpheus. P. Juturna. P. philippinense. bP. « Metis. P. Rothschildi- P. >» Edith. anum. P. Spicerianum. P. Calypso. P. Stone. P. Georgi. P. superbiens. P. « Adela. P. tonsum. P Zeno. P. venustum. P pavoninum. P. villosum. Pe Reynaldi. 11.